The Sage :: essays research papers

Throughout history, there have always been stories. From the myths of ancient civilizations long since past to todays epic blockbuster movies, civilizations have used stories non only as entertainment, but as a way to convey ideas, or to pass down oral history through the generations. However, over time, as we look through these myths, books, movies, and other mediums, we find a common similarity in many of them. We find repeated patterns of situations, characters, and other parts. The patterns have been classified as archetypes. For instance, one of the archetypes we often see in myths, books, and movies is the outcast. The outcast is one who has been exiled from his home to wander the world without rest.In classic mythology, one of the well-known outcasts is Perseus, the son of genus Zeus and the daughter of the king Argos however, a god once prophesized to Argos that the son of his daughter would kill him, so he sent the child in a recession across the sea to wander the world f orever. Over this time, Perseus completed many fantastical quests, such as slaying the infamous Medusa. However, when he returned to his home and participated in a fighting competition, he was pitted against Argos, and accidentally hit him, thus fulfilling the prophecy.In the Greek play of Philoctetes, Philoctetes is an outcast who has been left behind by his curse word soldiers after being bitten by a snake. His wound had become so foul smelling and his cries were so irritating, that the soldiers abandoned him on an island in the Aegean Sea. Greek heroes Odysseus and Neoptolemus arrive at the island in search of Philoctetess bow and arrow, which a seer prophesized would end the Trojan War. The two, knowing Philoctetes would attack any of the Greeks that abandoned him, fall to pose Neoptolemus as a mistreated soldier in order to get him close to Philoctetes. But, Neoptolemus is moved by the outcasts misery and confesses the eyepatch and begs him to join. Philoctetes agrees to joi n them, but only because Heracles declares a mandate that his wound shall heal when he arrives at Troy.In the Holy Bible of Christianity, in Genesis, Adam and eve are forever banished from the Garden of Eden, when they eat the forbidden fruit of God. This makes humanity itself an outcast. Also, the first children of Adam and Even, Cain and Abel, bring about another tale of an outcast.

Dulce et Decorum est Essay -- English Literature

Dulce et Decorum estThe poet reacts to the war by turning normal poetic language in tosomething that appears normal on the surface but in reality istainted. The poet also breaks from normal poetry to show society thenormal images of war. The ability to move the reader makes the poemwork which aids the reader in to understanding the false propaganda.The poem is about soldiers in trench warf be and is a great example ofwriting graphically to show the horrific spatial relation of war yet beingcompletely truthful. The poet does not withhold any information fromthe reader and conveys what it was like to fight in the War.The poet shows the pain in the poem. His tone, depression, miss ofhope reveals his message. He uses long sentences and metaphor to showthe tires soldiers. Picturing old beggar under sacks tells us whatwar has done to them. It also tells us they are battle weary andscared of what is ahead of them. The use of similes in the firststanza allows the reader to understand the anguish of war. The poet isable to use course the words to pigment a vivid and terrifying picture oftrench warfare in the mind of the reader. The Hags is connected withthe word beggers as they both outcasts in society. Whats more wordslike beggers, hags and blood-shod shows what the war has done to thesoldiers of war.. Through his use of vivid words and portrayal itmakes us understand the effects of war and what it involves. TheStanza continues Till on the dour flares, this suggests that thesoldiers are possibly disturbed and are being haunted by the flares.The last line further shows the effects of war, the soldiers are deafto the gas shells displace right behind them.In the second stanza the poem begin... ...ers were once the children ardentfor some desperate glory. Children here is used as the same reasonas boys, who were brainwashed in to sacrificing their lives. Theinnocent are willing to believe in the lie about the war, but the warwas totally different first go past hen ce the anger towards those whopropagated dying for your country in being noble.The old Lie the poet users a capital L in lie. This puts the warin perspective of being magnificent and patriotic. The readers attentiondoes not wonder during the poem because of the poets consistentimagery. By the end of the poem the reader can fully appreciate the banter between the truth of what happens at the Trenches and the liebeing told at home. The whole poem is contradictory to what was beingspread with Dulce et Decorum est.(It is a sweet and glorious thing to die for your country.)

OxyContin New Entry in the Drug War Essay -- Essays Papers

OxyContin New Entry in the Drug WarWhen concerned with the ethics of development in a world(a) environment, the issue of medicate abuse is of particular importance. All of the different aspects of the medicate trade impact a nation, and specifically the development of a nation within a global environment. Within the United States, medicate abuse has been prevalent among specific populations in society for almost a half of a century now. Historically speaking, drug abuse has erupted in some directions new drugs have offered new markets, new trends have developed new habits. These patterns have become societal concerns on many levels. The creation of new drugs has added another dimension to prescriptive drug abuse. Though science is making enormous advancements in the field of disease treatment, the discoveries are at the same time adding additional routes to becoming drug addicts on the prescription front. In addition, although illicit drug use by teens has been incremental ly decreasing since 2001, it still affects a large enough population to interfere with the ever developing nation of the United States. As drug abuse continues to be initiated in adolescence, the chances of it manifesting itself in big(a) society remain high. Efforts to contain both prescriptive and illicit drug abuse have both failed and succeeded, on different wavelengths. One of the first drug abuse prevention programs, D.A.R.E., has recently been classified as ineffective. More institutionalized, nationally funded efforts of the United States government have begun to target foreign hierarchical drug pyramids in an effort to halt drug use within America. This paper will examine these issues surrounding prescriptive and illicit drug abuse, with the former ... ...ycodone HCl Controlled-Release)Tablets Information. 9 Mar. 2004. http//www.purduepharma.com/pressroom/app/news_announc/ss_pr.asp?NType=3NIDA. Cocaine Effects. 9 Mar. 2004. http//www.cocaine-effects.com/. NIDA. M essage from the Director Increased Abuse for Prescription Drugs is Cause for Concern. 9 Mar. 2004. http//www.drugabuse.gov/about/welcome/message304.html.ONDCP Drug Facts, Crack. 9 Mar. 2004.http//www.whitehousedrugpolicy.gov/drugfact/ see/index.htmlONDCP Drug Facts, OxyContin. 9 Mar. 2004. http//www.whitehousedrugpolicy.gov/drugfact/OxyContin/index.htmlU.S. FDA. Prescription Drug Use and Abuse. 3 Mar. 2004.http//www.fda.gov/fdac/features/2001/501_drug.htmlU.S. FDA. Prescription Drug Use and Abuse-Controlled Substances. 9 Mar. 2004. http//www.fda.gov/fdac/features/2001/501_drug.htmlcontrolled

Toward a Scotistic Modal Metaphysics :: Philosophy Philosophical Essays

Toward a Scotistic Modal MetaphysicsABSTRACT The problem I play in this essay is Do we have in Scotus a modal logic or a counterpart theory? We need to take a rather roundabout path to handle this problem. This is because, whether it be in Lewiss original formulation or in others applications, the crucial concept of counterpart has never been clearly explicated. In section two, I shall therefore examine the recent controversy concerning Leibnizs find outs on modalities which centers around the counterpart relation. By fully exploiting the lessons learned from such an examination, I shall thus launch a trilemma against a Leibnizian in section three. Section four shall make the claim that unlike Leibnizs case, Scotuss position is not endangered by the trilemma. One important premise will be adopted from my thesis presented elsewhere regarding the different between Scotuss haecceitas and Leibnizs individual essence. Another will be secured from a brief report on Scotuss views on simi larity, which might be utterly original to modern eyes jaundiced by contemporary set theories.1. The riddle Scotistic Modal Logic vs. Scotistic Counterpart TheoryThanks to the resurgence of interest in modalities in the twentieth century, the history of modal logic has been studied more than extensively than ever. One of the more important lessons is that Scotus rather than Leibniz is the father of the modern conception of logical possibility. (1) Insofar as it is not merely historical wonder but a test of our intuition about modalities that we are interested in the predecessors of modern modal logic, we face the urgent task of reconstructing the Scotistic system of modalities. In fact,Douglas C. Langston recently raised an interesting question as to which way of understanding possible worlds Scotus might endorse the counterpart view or the canonical view? Based on Ordinatio, Book I, d. 44, q. 1, n. 11, he presents two alternative readings. Ultimately, however, he opts for the co unterpart reading on the ground that it is more consistent with Scotuss remarks on how graven image knows contingents. An important consequence from the counterpart reading is that individuals are world-bound for Scotus. (2) Yet Langstons interpretation invites serious criticism. According to Simo Knuuttila, if the individuals in Scotuss model were world-bound, they would not have synchronic de re alternatives, which is not compatible with Scotuss reform in obligational principles. Knuuttila further points out that Scotuss well-known doctrine of human free will excludes the possibility of world-bound individuals.

Thomas Hardys Tragic Stories Essay -- Biography Biographies Essays

Thomas gays Tragic StoriesFor centuries, various writers have endeavored to encapsulate the constituents of tragedy, and draw works of literature that adhere to their understanding of an ostensibly universal system of tragic structure, tragic plot, and tragic theme. Nevertheless, the etymology of the word, tragedy, proves to be as elusive and arcane as the tragic construct is seemingly concrete and unequivocal indeed, the word, tragedy, can be traced to the Greek word, tragoidia, which literally means, goat-song. We do not know whether actors in the Choral Odes prove their lines clad in goatskins, or if goats were bestowed as prizes we do know, however, that Aristotle reconfigured the more bucolic play tradition, and, in his Poetics, developed a technique founded on the tradition of august grandeur, sweeping scope, and cosmic power. Thomas Hardy, one of the few Victorian tragic prose writers, undoubtedly draws from the tradition of Aristotelian Greek tragedy. Nevertheless, our thesis expresses skepticism in the preciseness and alacrity with which Hardy is equated with tragedy and conventional tragic form. In a post-Shakespearean nineteenth-century world, writers were acquainted with two tragic traditions Greek and Christian. The Greek tragic tradition is founded upon the rite feasting of Dionysus (or the Roman version, Bacchus) the Christian mystery play tradition is rooted in the Passion of Christ. Both traditions bind themselves inextricably to forces larger than themselves - either to gods and goddesses, or to the Holy Trinity - and structure their plays around the rituals inherent in these traditions. Hardys own novels comprise elements of both Greek and Christian tragic conventions, thus elici... ...on tragedy from The flavor and Work of Thomas Hardy BibliographyBloom, Harold. Shakespeare The Invention of the Human. New York Riverhead Books, 1998. Brereton, Geoffrey. Principles of Tragedy A Rational Examination of the Tragic Concept in Life and Literature. Florida University of Miami Press, 1969. Gibson, James. Thomas Hardy Interviews and Recollections. New York St. Martins Press, 1999. Hardy, Thomas. The Life and Work of Thomas Hardy. Athens The University of Georgia Press, 1985. Kramer, Dale. Thomas Hardy The Forms of Tragedy. Detroit Wayne State University Press, 1975. Krook, Dorothy. Elements of Tragedy. New Haven Yale University Press, 1969. Margeson, J.M.R. The Origins of English Tragedy. Oxford Clarendon Press, 1967. Page, Norman. Oxford Readers Companion to Hardy. Oxford Oxford University Press, 2000.

Thomas Hardys Tragic Stories Essay -- Biography Biographies Essays

doubting Thomas courageouss Tragic StoriesFor centuries, various writers have endeavored to encapsulate the constituents of calamity, and create works of literature that obligate to their understanding of an ostensibly universal system of tragic building, tragic plot, and tragic theme. Nevertheless, the etymology of the word, tragedy, proves to be as elusive and arcane as the tragic construct is obviously concrete and unequivocal indeed, the word, tragedy, can be traced to the Greek word, tragoidia, which literally means, goat-song. We do not know whether actors in the Choral Odes read their lines clad in goatskins, or if goats were bestowed as prizes we do know, however, that Aristotle reconfigured the more bucolic play tradition, and, in his Poetics, developed a technique founded on the tradition of regal grandeur, sweeping scope, and cosmic power. Thomas Hardy, one of the few Victorian tragic prose writers, undoubtedly draws from the tradition of Aristotelian Greek tragedy. Nevertheless, our thesis expresses skepticism in the precision and alacrity with which Hardy is equated with tragedy and conventional tragic form. In a post-Shakespearean nineteenth-century world, writers were acquainted with two tragic traditions Greek and Christian. The Greek tragic tradition is founded upon the ritual feasting of Dionysus (or the Roman version, Bacchus) the Christian mystery play tradition is rooted in the Passion of Christ. Both traditions bind themselves inextricably to forces larger than themselves - either to gods and goddesses, or to the Holy Trinity - and structure their plays around the rituals inherent in these traditions. Hardys own novels comprise elements of both Greek and Christian tragic conventions, thus elici... ...on tragedy from The Life and take a shit of Thomas Hardy BibliographyBloom, Harold. Shakespeare The Invention of the Human. New York Riverhead Books, 1998. Brereton, Geoffrey. Principles of Tragedy A Rational Examination of the Tragic Concept in Life and Literature. Florida University of Miami Press, 1969. Gibson, James. Thomas Hardy Interviews and Recollections. New York St. Martins Press, 1999. Hardy, Thomas. The Life and Work of Thomas Hardy. Athens The University of Georgia Press, 1985. Kramer, Dale. Thomas Hardy The Forms of Tragedy. Detroit Wayne State University Press, 1975. Krook, Dorothy. Elements of Tragedy. New Haven Yale University Press, 1969. Margeson, J.M.R. The Origins of English Tragedy. Oxford Clarendon Press, 1967. Page, Norman. Oxford Readers Companion to Hardy. Oxford Oxford University Press, 2000.

Twilight 11. COMPLICATIONS

11. COMPLICATIONSE actuallyone take to beed us as we walked together to our lab table. I noticed that he no longer angled the chair to sit as furthermost from me as the desk would completelyow. Instead, he sat quite close be typeface me, our harness almost fulfilling.Mr. Banner backed into the manner then what superb timing the existence had pulling a tall metal frame on wheels that held a heavy- verbal expressioning, popdated TV and VCR. A scene day the lift in the partitioning atmosphere was almost tangible.Mr. Banner shoved the tape into the reluctant VCR and walked to the wall to turn off the lights.And then, as the room went black, I was suddenly hyperaware that Edward was posing less(prenominal) than an inch from me. I was stunned by the unexpectedelectricity that flowed through me, amazed that it was possible to be much aware of him than I already was. A crazy impulse to reach anyplace and touch him, to stroke his perfect face just once in the darkness, nearly overwhelmed me. I crossed my arms tightly across my chest, my hands balling into fists. I was losing my mind.The uncloudeding credits began, lighting the room by a token amount. My look, of their own accord, flickered to him. I smiled sheepishly as I realized his posture was identical to mine, fists seize under his arms, right defeat to the eyeball, peering sideways at me. He grinned back, his eyes somehow managing to smolder, even in the dark. I looked by before I could start hyperventilating. It was absolutely ridiculous that I should feel dizzy.The hour seemed very long. I couldnt concentrate on the movie I didnt even bang what subject it was on. I act unsuccessfully to relax, just now the electric current that seemed to be originating from somewhere in his body neer slackened. Occasionally I would permit myself a quick glance in his direction, however he never seemed to relax, either. The overpowering craving to touch him also refused to fade, and I crushed my fists safely against my ribs until my fingers were aching with the effort.I breathed a sigh of relief when Mr. Banner flicked the lights back on at the end of class, and stretched my arms turn out in front of me, flexing my stiff fingers. Edward chuckled beside me.Well, that was interesting, he murmured. His voice was dark and his eyes were cautious.Umm, was all I was able to respond.Shall we? he asked, rising fluidly.I almost groaned. condemnation for Gym. I stood with machinee, worried my balance might have been affected by the strange new intensity between us.He walked me to my next class in silence and paused at the door I turned to say goodlybye. His face startled me his aspect was torn, almost distressed, and so fiercely ravishing that the ache to touch him flared as strong as before. My goodbye stuck in my throat.He raised his hand, hesitant, conflict raging in his eyes, and then swiftly brushed the length of my malar bone with his fingertips. His skin was as icy as ever, but the trail his fingers left(p) on my skin was alarmingly warm like Id been burned, but didnt feel the pain of it yet.He turned without a word and strode apace away from me.I walked into the gym, lightheaded and wobbly. I drifted to the locker room, changing in a trancelike state, except vaguely aware that there were other people surrounding me. Reality didnt fully set in until I was handed a racket. It wasnt heavy, yet it felt up very unsafe in my hand. I could see a few of the other kids in class eyeing me furtively. Coach Clapp ordered us to pair up into teams.Mercifully, some vestiges of Mikes chivalry still survived he came to stand beside me.Do you want to be a team?Thanks, Mike you dont have to do this, you know. I grimaced apologetically.Dont worry, Ill economise out of your way. He grinned. Sometimes it was so easy to like Mike.It didnt go smoothly. I somehow managed to hit myself in the head with my racket and clip Mikes get up on the same swing. I spent the rest of the hour in the back corner of the court, the racket held safely behind my back. Despite being handicapped by me, Mike was pretty good he won three games out of four singlehandedly. He gave me an unearned high fivewhen the coach last blew the whistle ending class.So, he said as we walked off the court.So what?You and Cullen, huh? he asked, his tone rebellious. My previous feeling of affection disappeared.Thats none of your business, Mike, I warned, internally cursing Jessica straight to the fiery pits of Hades.I dont like it, he muttered anyway.You dont have to, I snapped.He looks at you like like youre something to eat, he continued, ignoring me.I choked back the hysteria that threatened to explode, but a small giggle managed to get out despite my efforts. He glowered at me. I waved and fled to the locker room.I dressed quickly, something stronger than butterflies battering recklessly against the walls of my stomach, my argument with Mike already a distant memory. I was wonde ring if Edward would be waiting, or if I should meet him at his car. What if his family was there? I felt a wave of real terror. Did they know that I knew? Was I supposed to know that they knew that I knew, or not?By the time I walked out of the gym, I had just just almost decided to walk straight piazza without even looking toward the parking lot. except my worries were un needful. Edward was waiting, arguing casually against the side of the gym, his breathtaking face untroubled now. As I walked to his side, I felt a peculiar sense of release.Hi, I breathed, smiling hugely.Hello. His say smile was brilliant. How was Gym?My face fell a tiny spot. Fine, I lied.Really? He was unconvinced. His eyes shifted their focus slightly, looking over my shoulder and narrowing. I glanced behind me to see Mikes back as he walked away.What? I demanded.His eyes slid back to mine, still tight. Newtons getting on my nerves.You werent listening again? I was horror-struck. totally traces of my s udden good humor vanished.Hows your head? he asked innocently.Youre unbelievable I turned, stomping away in the general direction of the parking lot, though I hadnt command out walk at this point.He kept up with me easily.You were the one who mentioned how Id never seen you in Gym it made me curious. He didnt sound repentant, so I ignored him.We walked in silence a furious, embarrassed silence on my part to his car. But I had to stop a few steps away a crowd of people, all boys, were surrounding it.Then I realized they werent surrounding the Volvo, they were actually circled around Rosalies red convertible, unmistakable lust in their eyes. none of them even looked up as Edward slid between them to open his door. I climbed quickly in the passenger side, also unnoticed.Ostentatious, he muttered.What kind of car is that? I asked.An M3.I dont speak Car and Driver.Its a BMW. He trilled his eyes, not looking at me, trying to back out without running over the car enthusiasts.I nodd ed Id heard of that one.Are you still angry? he asked as he carefully maneuvered his way out.Definitely.He sighed. Will you forgive me if I apologize? by chance if you mean it. And if you promise not to do it again, I insisted.His eyes were suddenly shrewd. How about if I mean it, and I agree to let you drive Saturday? he countered my conditions.I considered, and decided it was probably the best offer I would get. Deal, I agreed.Then Im very sorry I upset you. His eyes burned with serious-mindedness for a protracted moment playing havoc with the rhythm of my heart and then turned playful. And Ill be on your doorstep bright and early Saturday morning.Um, it doesnt solve with the Charlie situation if an unexplained Volvo is left in the driveway.His smile was condescending now. I wasnt intending to bring a car.How -He cut me off. Dont worry about it. Ill be there, no car.I let it go. I had a more pressing question.Is it later yet? I asked significantly.He frowned. I supposed it i s later.I kept my expression polite as I waited.He stopped the car. I looked up, surprised of course we were already at Charlies house, parked behind the truck. It was easier to ride with him if I whole looked when it was over. When I looked back at him, he was staring at me, measuring with his eyes.And you still want to know why you cant see me hunt? He seemed solemn, but I thought I saw a trace of humor deep in his eyes.Well, I clarified, I was mostly wondering about your reaction.Did I frighten you? Yes, there was definitely humor there.No, I lied. He didnt buy it.I apologize for scaring you, he persisted with a slight smile, but then all evidence of teasing disappeared. It was just the very thought of you being there while we hunted. His jaw tightened.That would be bad?He spoke from between clenched teeth. Extremely.Because ?He took a deep breath and stared through the windshield at the thick, rolling clouds that seemed to press spate, almost within reach.When we hunt, he spo ke slowly, unwillingly, we give ourselves over to our senses govern less with our minds. Especially our sense of smell. If you were anywhere near me when I lost control that way He shook his head, still gazing morosely at the heavy clouds.I kept my expression firmly under control, expecting the swift flash of his eyes to judge my reaction that soon followed. My face gave nothing away.But our eyes held, and the silence deepened and commuted. Flickers of the electricity Id felt this afternoon began to charge the atmosphere as he gazed unrelentingly into my eyes. It wasnt until my head started to swim that I realized I wasnt breathing. When I drew in a jagged breath, breaking the stillness, he closed his eyes.Bella, I think you should go inside now. His low voice was rough, his eyes on the clouds again.I opened the door, and the arctic draft that burst into the car helped name my head. Afraid I might stumble in my woozy state, I stepped carefully out of the car and shut the door beh ind me without looking back. The whir of the automatic window unrolling made me turn.Oh, Bella? he called after me, his voice more even. He leaned toward the open window with a faint smile on his lips.Yes?Tomorrow its my turn.Your turn to what?He smiled wider, flashing his gleaming teeth. Ask the questions.And then he was gone, the car speeding down the street and disappearing around the corner before I could even collect my thoughts. I smiled as I walked to the house. It was clear he was planning to see me tomorrow, if nothing else.That night Edward starred in my dreams, as usual. However, the climate of my unconsciousness had changed. It thrilled with the same electricity that had charged the afternoon, and I tossed and turned restlessly, waking oftentimes. It was only in the early hours of the morning that I finally sank into an exhausted, dreamless sleep.When I woke I was still tired, but edgy as well. I pulled on my brown turtleneck and the inescapable jeans, sighing as I dayd reamed of spaghetti straps and shorts. Breakfast was the usual, quiet event I expected. Charlie fried eggs for himself I had my gutter of cereal. I wondered if he had forgotten about this Saturday. He answered my unspoken question as he stood up to take his plate to the sink.About this Saturday he began, walking across the kitchen and turning on the faucet.I cringed. Yes, Dad?Are you still set on going to Seattle? he asked.That was the plan. I grimaced, wishing he hadnt brought it up so I wouldnt have to compose careful half-truths.He squeezed some dish soap onto his plate and swirled it around with the brush. And youre certainly you cant make it back in time for the dance?Im not going to the dance, Dad. I glared.Didnt anyone ask you? he asked, trying to hide his concern by focusing on rinsing the plate.I sidestepped the minefield. Its a girls choice.Oh. He frowned as he dried his plate.I sympathized with him. It must be a hard thing, to be a father living in fear that your daught er would meet a boy she liked, but also having to worry if she didnt. How ghastly it would be, I thought, shuddering, if Charlie had even the slightest inkling of exactly what I did like.Charlie left then, with a goodbye wave, and I went upstairs to brush my teeth and gather my books. When I heard the cruiser pull away, I could only wait a few seconds before I had to peek out of my window. The silver car was already there, waiting in Charlies spot on the driveway. I bounded down the stairs and out the front door, wondering how long this bizarre routine would continue. I never wanted it to end.He waited in the car, not appearing to watch as I shut the door behind me without bothering to lock the dead-bolt. I walked to the car, pausing shyly before opening the door and stepping in. He was smiling, relaxed and, as usual, perfect and beautiful to an excruciating degree.Good morning. His voice was silky. How are you today? His eyes roamed over my face, as if his question was something m ore than simple courtesy.Good, thank you. I was always good much more than good when I was near him.His gaze lingered on the circles under my eyes. You look tired.I couldnt sleep, I confessed, automatically swinging my hair around my shoulder to provide some measure of cover.Neither could I, he teased as he started the engine. I was becoming used to the quiet purr. I was sure the roar of my truck would scare me, whenever I got to drive it again.I laughed. I guess thats right. I suppose I slept just a little bit more than you did.Id wager you did.So what did you do last night? I asked.He chuckled. Not a chance. Its my day to ask questions.Oh, thats right. What do you want to know? My forehead creased. I couldnt imagine anything about me that could be in any way interesting to him.Whats your favorite(a) color? he asked, his face grave.I rolled my eyes. It changes from day to day.Whats your favorite color today? He was still solemn.Probably brown. I tended to dress according to my m ood.He snorted, dropping his serious expression. Brown? he asked skeptically.Sure. Brown is warm. I miss brown. Everything thats supposed to be brown tree trunks, rocks, dirt is all covered up with squashy green stuff here, I complained.He seemed fascinated by my little rant. He considered for a moment, staring into my eyes.Youre right, he decided, serious again. Brown is warm. He reached over, swiftly, but somehow still hesitantly, to disinfect my hair back behindmy shoulder.We were at the school by now. He turned back to me as he pulled into a parking space.What music is in your CD player right now? he asked, his face as somber as if hed asked for a murder confession.I realized Id never take away the CD Phil had given me. When I said the name of the band, he smiled crookedly, a peculiar expression in his eyes. He flipped open a compartment under his cars CD player, pulled out one of thirty or so CDs that were jammed into the small space, and handed it to me,Debussy to this? He raised an eyebrow.It was the same CD. I examined the familiar cover art, safekeeping my eyes down.It continued like that for the rest of the day. While he walked me to English, when he met me after Spanish, all through the lunch hour, he questioned me relentlessly about every insignificant detail of my existence. Movies Id liked and hated, the few places Id been and the many places I wanted to go, and books endlessly books.I couldnt remember the last time Id talked so much. More often than not, I felt self-conscious, certain I must be boring him. But the absolute absorption of his face, and his never-ending stream of questions, compelled me to continue. Mostly his questions were easy, only a very few triggering my easy blushes. But when I did flush, it brought on a whole new round of questions.Such as the time he asked my favorite gemstone, and I blurted out topaz before thinking. Hed been flinging questions at me with such speed that I felt like I was taking one of those psychiat ric tests where you answer with the first word that comes to mind. I was sure he would have continued down whatever mental list he was following, except for the blush. My face reddish because, until very recently, my favorite gemstone was garnet. It was impossible, while staring back into his topaz eyes, not to remember the reason for the switch. And, naturally, he wouldnt rest until Id admitted why I was embarrassed. specialize me, he finally commanded after persuasion failed failed only because I kept my eyes safely away from his face.Its the color of your eyes today, I sighed, surrendering, staring down at my hands as I fiddled with a piece of my hair. I suppose if you asked me in two weeks Id say onyx. Id given more information than necessary in my unwilling honesty, and I worried it would provoke the strange anger that flared whenever I slipped and revealed too clearly how obsessed I was.But his pause was very short.What kinds of flowers do you prefer? he fired off.I sighed i n relief, and continued with the psychoanalysis.Biology was a complication again. Edward had continued with his quizzing up until Mr. Banner entered the room, dragging the audiovisual frame again. As the teacher approached the light switch, I noticed Edward slide his chair slightly farther away from mine. It didnt help. As soon as the room was dark, there was the same electric spark, the same restless craving to stretch my hand across the short space and touch his cold skin, as yesterday.I leaned forward on the table, resting my chin on my folded arms, my hidden fingers gripping the tables edge as I fought to ignore the irrational longing that unsettled me. I didnt look at him, afraid that if he was looking at me, it would only make self-control that much harder. I sincerely tried to watch the movie, but at the end of the hour I had no idea what Id just seen. I sighed in relief again when Mr.Banner turned the lights on, finally glancing at Edward he was looking at me, his eyes ambi valent.He rose in silence and then stood still, waiting for me. We walked toward the gym in silence, like yesterday. And, also like yesterday, he touched my face wordlessly this time with the back of his cool hand, stroking once from my temple to my jaw before he turned and walked away.Gym passed quickly as I watched Mikes one-man badminton show. He didnt speak to me today, either in response to my vacant expression or because he was still angry about our squabble yesterday. Somewhere, in a corner of my mind, I felt bad about that. But I couldnt concentrate on him.I hurried to change afterward, ill at ease, knowing the faster I moved, the sooner I would be with Edward. The pressure made me more clumsy than usual, but eventually I made it out the door, feeling the same release when I saw him standing there, a wide smile automatically spreading across my face. He smiled in reaction before launching into more cross-examination.His questions were different now, though, not as easily a nswered. He wanted to know what I missed about home, insisting on descriptions of anything he wasnt familiar with. We sat in front of Charlies house for hours, as the sky darkened and rain plummeted around us in a sudden deluge.I tried to describe impossible things like the scent of creosote bitter, slightly resinous, but still pleasant the high, keening sound of the cicadas in July, the feathery barrenness of the trees, the very size of the sky, extending white-blue from horizon to horizon, barely interrupted by the low mountains covered with purple volcanic rock. The hardest thing to explain was why it was so beautiful to me to justify a beauty that didnt depend on the sparse, spiny vegetation that often looked half dead, a beauty that had more to do with the exposed shape of the land, with the shallow bowls of valleys between the craggy hills, and the way they held on to the sun. I found myself using my hands as I tried to describe it to him.His quiet, probing questions kept m e talking freely, forgetting, in the dim light of the storm, to be embarrassed for monopolizing the conversation. Finally, when I had finished detailing my cluttered room at home, he paused instead of responding with another question.Are you finished? I asked in relief.Not even close but your father will be home soon.Charlie I suddenly recalled his existence, and sighed. I looked out at the rain-darkened sky, but it gave nothing away. How late is it? I wondered out loud as I glanced at the clock. I was surprised by the time Charlie would be driving home now.Its twilight, Edward murmured, looking at the western horizon, obscured as it was with clouds. His voice was thoughtful, as if his mind were somewhere far away. I stared at him as he gazed unseeingly out the windshield.I was still staring when his eyes suddenly shifted back to mine.Its the safest time of day for us, he said, reply the unspoken question in my eyes. The easiest time. But also the saddest, in a way the end of ano ther day, the return of the night. Darkness is so predictable, dont you think? He smiled wistfully.I like the night. Without the dark, wed never see the stars. I frowned. Not that you see them here much.He laughed, and the mood abruptly lightened.Charlie will be here in a few minutes. So, unless you want to tell him that youll be with me Saturday He raised one eyebrow.Thanks, but no thanks. I gathered my books, realizing I was stiff from sitting still so long. So is it my turn tomorrow, then?Certainly not His face was teasingly outraged. I told you I wasnt done, didnt I?What more is there?Youll image out tomorrow. He reached across to open my door for me, and his sudden proximity sent my heart into frenzied palpitations.But his hand froze on the handle.Not good, he muttered.What is it? I was surprised to see that his jaw was clenched, his eyes disturbed.He glanced at me for a brief second. Another complication, he said glumly.He flung the door open in one swift movement, and then m oved, almost cringed, swiftly away from me.The flash of headlights through the rain caught my attention as a dark car pulled up to the curb just a few feet away, facing us.Charlies around the corner, he warned, staring through the downpour at the other vehicle.I hopped out at once, despite my confusion and curiosity. The rain was louder as it glanced off my jacket.I tried to make out the shapes in the front seat of the other car, but it was too dark. I could see Edward illuminated in the glare of the new cars headlights he was still staring ahead, his gaze locked on something or someone I couldnt see. His expression was a strange mix of frustration and defiance.Then he revved the engine, and the tires squealed against the wet pavement. The Volvo was out of sight in seconds.Hey, Bella, called a familiar, husky voice from the drivers side of the little black car.Jacob? I asked, squinting through the rain. Just then, Charlies cruiser swung around the corner, his lights shining on the o ccupants of the car in front of me.Jacob was already come up out, his wide grin visible even through the darkness. In the passenger seat was a much older man, a heavyset man with a memorable face a face that overflowed, the cheeks resting against his shoulders, with creases running through the russet skin like an old leather jacket. And the surprisingly familiar eyes, black eyes that seemed at the same time both too young and too ancient for the broad face they were set in. Jacobs father, Billy Black. I knew him immediately, though in the more than five years since Id seen him last Id managed to forget his name when Charlie had spoken of him my first day here. He was staring at me, scrutinizing my face, so I smiled tentatively at him. His eyes were wide, as if in shock or fear, his nostrils flared. My smile faded.Another complication, Edward had said.Billy still stared at me with intense, anxious eyes. I groaned internally. Had Billy acknowledge Edward so easily? Could he really believe the impossible legends his son had scoffed at?The answer was clear in Billys eyes. Yes. Yes, he could.

False Hope

Have you ever tried making yourself study of the social occasions that werent actu eithery real? Well, if you did, wherefore that was a normal matter experienced by others, experienced by you and experienced by me. False- believe. That was the right term to be use for those heap who are keep on safekeeping on to promises which they thought it bequeath happen soon, tomorrow, the next day until the next-next-next days and ever. False-hope is a vague incidence. It was an untrue declaration of testimony uttered by those people who are good of making promises yet cant stand for it. Promises.Promises and false-hope are then supplementary to each other. Because if there are no promises that has been said, then there will be no person who will continuously keep an eye for such pledges. There will be no someone who will keep on waiting for unclear tomorrows. And there will be no someone wholl just be an innocent believer of all of those promises. Well, the very purpose why I wrote thi s article is to express my thoughts of believing so many things which are then things that were set to be forgotten. I myself is manageable that Ive always been a victim of this uncertain thing.But then, I just accepted those things . And so, Ive happen to a point of putting this into this region of writing. Actually, Im not feeling bad due to failed promises of so many people surround me. I just wrote this because I do believe that Im not the only one who had experienced such thing. For a broader perspective, its not intentional. It happens because others didnt want their belongings to directly slip their hope. It happens because they also thought that they could provide the things they promised to give yet after eons of reaching to make it possible, still they wont be able to do so.Sometimes, people didnt intend to bring false-hope. Its just that their capacity to fulfill their promises was not enough. But then, on the other hand, some tend to do this just to let other hope f or nothing. Just like for example, a courtship between a lady and a gentleman. There are many times where guys had expected their dreamed girls to give them their awaited-yes answer. Theyve tried so hard to prove them theyre deserving. Yet at the end, theyll end up disappointed. At home, I know weve been encountering this one often times.You might got excited because youll be going out somewhere with your family notwithstanding it will just be postponed due to so many reasons either valid or invalid reasons. You might expect something from someone but expectations will just fail. There are still so many instances where false-hope was its ending application. And this is actually normal as I said on the first part. And I guess, there is only one certain thing we must do in order not to be a victim of this over and over again. Dont believe too much.I didnt mean of losing your trust to someone or to be a negative thinker. What I mean is dont be 100% undisputable of the things being p romised to you. Just expect for both sides. Just think that it might happen and it might not. Because the more that you expect the more that it will bring you failures. though we must always expect for the best but as I said we have to expect for both side. Well, Ill end up look Any man can make mistakes, but only an idiot persists in his error. By Cicero. Thanks for reading anyway.False HopeLeanne Whittemore Lecturer antic McDonough ENGL 299-014 02/21/2013 Essay 1 False Hope The characters in The Glass Menagerie all hope for a better future which is filled with conquest and happiness. This hope flickers throughout the dissemble and is finally put out all together in the closing actions of the lean. In The Glass Menagerie by Tennessee Williams, this sniff out of hope is symbolized by fresh. It is shown in the very descriptive dresscoach directions, the specific objects pertaining to loose like candles and lamps, and by the colorful mountain chains of rainbows throughout the play.While providing the characters with actions the very descriptive stage directions also provide a sense of emotions for them to act out. In scene six enchantment Laura and Amanda are waiting excitingly for Jim to come over, Williams describes Laura as being piece of translucent glass touched by light, given a momentary radiance, not actual, not lasting (1748). Williams uses this idea of light to describe Lauras emotions and feelings during this scene. By stating Laura was given a momentary radiance Williams illustrates Lauras hope of finding someone to love.In scene seven, when Laura and Jim are talking, Williams uses descriptive stage directions to describe Lauras feeling of hope in regard to light. This happens right around the time that Jim attempts to being engaged. The directions say that Jim smiles at Laura with a warmth and tour whichlightsher inwardly (1762). Then, when she finds out that Jim is engaged, the stage directions describe how the holy candles on the alt ar of Lauras face have been snuffled out (1768). Both descriptions show hope in Laura, while one is her hope that Jim is single, and the other being her hope being destroyed when she finds out that he is not.From the beginning, the directions, as well as the dialogue, directly tell the readers that the play is dimly lighten up (1723). Then in the beginning of the final scene, all the lights go out (because Tom has not paid the electric bill), and the only illuminate left on stage is candlelight. Through the use of light in the play, it is clear that the play does not leave the characters looking towards the bright hope of their future, but realizing their dim reality. For Amanda, her new floor lamp repre displaces her hope for the future.In the fifth scene, when Tom says that Jim is coming over, Amanda states that she has been paying for a brand new floor lamp that she will have sent out for the occasion (1744). By the sixth scene, before Jim arrives, the new lamp, with its rose s ilk shade is put in the living room (1747), symbolizing her hope for Jim to come back. This hope turns out to be pointless, which Amanda recognizes by stating that all the expense has basically been for nothing, and the first one she lists is the new floor lamp (1771).The new lamp is a symbol of hope to Amanda, and its presence in her living room when Jim arrives makes her feel that there is hope for Laura and Jim. Like all other hope in the play, it was a useless, waste of time and energy At the end of the play when Tom is finishing his dialogue , the symbol of hope turns to Lauras candles. Tom speaks as if to Laura, I reach for a cigarette, I cross the street, I run into the movies or a bar, I buy a drink, I speak to the nearest stranger- anything that can blow your candles out (1772).Tom interprets these candles as Lauras hope, which he cant seem to get out of his brain. He doesnt want the family to suffer dealing with false hope any longer. He sees the world as a dark and storm y place, by saying For nowadays the world is lit by lightning Blow out your candles, Laura- and so pass (1772). Then Laura actually blows out the candles, extinguishing the final light and making the stage become dark and lonely. This symbolizes not only a goodbye to Tom, but also saying goodbye to the hope of love and a brighter future for the Wingfield family.In an essay titled Williams The Glass Menagerie, Bert Cardullo comments that, when Laura blows the candles out, The implication is that no gentleman caller will ever enter her life again (11), which, truly means that hope will never again enter Amanda and Lauras lonely lives. The symbol of the rainbow in The Glass Menagerie shows the illusion of hope or false hope. Right when the characters almost reach what they hoped for it always seems to disappear. Lauras fragile glass animals are used to show this sense of false hope.In the seventh scene, when Laura is talking to Jim, she shows Jim the glass unicorn and says, Hold him o ver the light, he loves the light You see how the light shines through him? (1764). . As Jim holds the unicorn and comments It certain(p) does shine, one can imagine the rainbow ray that the unicorn creates. This unicorn comes to symbolize the love that Laura has been waiting all her life for. This love comes to her, however fleetingly, in the person of Jim (Cardullo 3). However, like the rainbow light of the glass unicorn, this hope of love is just an illusion.Tom mentions rainbows again in his final words as he describes how he abandons Amanda and Laura, he says, I pass the lighted window of a shop whereperfumeis sold. The window is filled with pieces of colored glass, tiny transparent bottles in delicate colors, like bits of a shattered rainbow. The image of a shattered rainbow fits perfectly with Toms closing words due to the fact that Toms abandonment from the family seems to shatter any case of hope the Wingfield family had.Williams last directions to make the stage complete ly dark seem like a symbol of the future of the Wingfield family dark and lonely. As far as Amanda sees it, without a man to take care of her and Laura they left with nothing but loneliness. Laura will never be able to work Tom left his family behind, and it seems that no suitor will ever enter the womens lives again. Cardullo notes that, The character of Tom is based in part on Tennessee Williams himself, and Laura is modeled after Williams beloved sister, Rose (12).Since the play is autobiographical, it has the feeling that Williams is attempting to show us the readers something that happened in his past, implying that hope never did come to this family. When the lights go out at the end of the play, it is dark for good. Works Cited Cardullo, Bert. Williamss The Glass Menagerie. The Explicator. 22 March 1997. . paragraphs 1-12. Williams, Tennessee. The Glass Menagerie. Ed. Robert DiYanni. Literature Reading Fiction, Poetry, and Drama. 6th ed. Boston McGraw-Hill, 2007. 1718-1773.

Noughts and Crosses essay Essay

How does Malorie Blackman create a realistic picture of the bomb and its result in this passage?A shocked atmosphere concludes this chapter with a bombing of Dundale shopping affectionateness in the book noughts and crosses, Malorie Blackman makes the aftermath and bombing of the Dundale shopping centre very vivid for the reader by using very interesting and useful word and phases.Firstly, Malorie Blackman uses many ominous hints and foreshadowing to create a vivid picture of what was about to happen in chapter forty -nine. A tense, watchful atmosphere entered the room like a chilling fog. This creates pathetic phantasm this shows that they are all on edge with one another and that they cant be natural it is as if their emotions have been chilled and this suggests something bad is going to happen.The writer uses similes such as blown off my feet into the air like a dry leaf in high wind this is an effective techniques because it tells the reader that the magnification struck so hard that Persephone Hadley seemed to literally fly in the air and the words dry shake off the reader the feel of how hot it may be that she becomes this dry. This gives the explosion the power to throw her apart because of the impact using personification .The phrase fraction of a second tells the reader that it happened so devalued that she was unable to even stop or control her actions and she was just being thrown in the air like a toy .Billowing stool shot out of the shopping centre. This makes the smoke come alive, like it has moved and shaped its way .The way that smoke shot out gives it a lot of energy and this creates movement into the picture. The adjective billowing may also give it energy and make the smoke grow, so therefore personification is utilize to enhance the picture of smoke coming out of the shopping centre.Another example would be intense heat the effect of this on the reader willing make them feel just how big the blast was on sephys back and how close it was to her even though she was a certain distance away to the blast.Blackman also uses onomatopoeia to create an image of the bomb in our minds. Some examples in this passage include boom and popped. These words make the passage descriptive and it give attention to whats going on these make the picture in our mind more detailed and concise.Overall, Malorie Blackman uses many techniques such as similes, adverbs, Verbs, adjectives and onomatopoeia to create on accurate image of the bomb scene in our minds, to engage us the audience in the novel and make us a part of the novel.

Federal Jurisdiction Essay

Henry, a resident of Nevada, sued Adam, a resident of Utah in the Federal Court in atomic number 20. He sought $60,000 damages for personal injuries arising from an automobile accident that occurred in Los Angeles, California. Does the Federal Court submit jurisdiction? No the federal official court does not have jurisdiction over this case. In order for this case to fall within the guidelines of a federal suit it would have to qualify for diversity of citizenship. Diversity of citizenship exists in suits between (1) citizens of different states, (2) a citizen of a state and a citizen of a foreign country, and (3) a state and citizens of other state. In this case since Henry is a resident of Nevada and Adam is a resident of Utah he can file the suit in California where the accident occurred but it must be in state court. Diversity of Citizenship has a minimal jurisdictional amount of $75,000. Henry is only asking for $60,000 in damages. The only other way for this case to be tried in federal court would be if Henry could prove that the lawsuit contains a federal question.For this there is no jurisdictional amount. Civil actions that would fall chthonic this may involve matters such as bankruptcy, anti-trust, securities regulations, patents, copyrights, trademarks, taxes, elections, the rights guaranteed by the Bill of Rights, and those rights secured to individual citizens by the ordinal Amendment (Morgan, Shedd & Corley, 2010). The information given does not show where any of the federal questions come into play. However if this case could be tried in federal court it would rattling benefit the defendant as it has the advantage of allowing for the jury to be selected from an area larger than the county where the case arose. This hopefully will reduce the possibility of jurors tending to raise the plaintiff. Henry would be better of hiring a personal injury attorney.What rules of procedure will the court use? The court selected by the plaintiff must sol ve both whether it has the jurisdiction to hear the case and, if it has, whether another forum is more suitable for the disposition of the case. In this case they would use the rules of procedure for well-mannered cases under the state of California judicial rule. Why? The case will have to be tried in state court versus federal court because it does not qualify as a federal case. In the state court it would be seen as a civil case brought against Adam by Henry. What rules of material law will the court use? The court would use the substantive law,including conflict of laws principles, of the state in which they are sitting. In California they would use civil law.ReferencesMorgan, J., Shedd, P., & Corley, R. (2010). Business law. (3 ed., pp. 3-40). Redding, CA BVT Publishing, LLC.

Juliet’s speech in Act 4, Scene 3 Essay

Juliets speech in Act 4, Scene 3, filled with often classic Shakesperean imagery, is a turning point in the play for Juliet in which she wrestles with the conflicts in her life and then ultimately comes to a decision. It encompasses all the major themes in the play and many ideas all come together for the first time in this passage. First of all, this soliloquy deals with fear, of what ordain detect if she takes the potion and of what entrust happen if she doesnt. Secondly, it concerns time, specifically the recurring night and darkness motif. Thirdly, it discusses lamb and close, the dickens major contrasting themes. Lastly, it introduces or reintroduces other opposites, such as reality versus appearance, which was the major metaphor in Juliets earlier speech.If one had to summarize this speech in just a few words, one would say it was an inner monologue about fear, in which Juliet worries about all the possible problems that could befall her. When she says I have a faint co ld fear thrills through my veins, that almost freezes up the heat of life, she is saying that she has a bad feeling something unfortunate is going to happen that may result in death. She even says, God knows when we shall meet once again which shows that she isnt sure what terrible consequences there may be from drinking the potion. Initially she worries What if it do not work at all? and that shell have to be unify then to-morrow morning with Paris. Then, she becomes afraid that its a poison, which the friar subtly hath ministerd to have me dead so that he should not be punished for marrying her to Romeo.Next, she fears that she should awaken earlier Romeo arrives. Here, she imagines herself stifled in the vault, in other words that she dies suffocated because there is no healthsome air, or sc ard to death because of the terror of the place, and being packed amidst the bones of all my buried ancestors, including Tybalt. After that, she envisions the spirits she has heard stories about coming out to haunt her at the graveyard. Lastly, she worries shes going to go crazy and, in her madness, kill herself. This is obviously foreshadowing, particularly in the lines if I wake, shall I not be distraught, since when she does wake, she finds Romeos dead body, and in the lines dash out my desperate brains, which represents that she is going to commit suicide. Clearly, fear is present throughout the entire speech until she gets carried a flair enoughto daring to drink the potion.Another recurring theme in this speech, which comes up again and again in the play, is night. The line the horrible conceit of death and night is truly authorised as it ties together for the first time the two principal antitheses in the play, life and death and day and night. Here she is saying that if it is completely dark, she will be scargond to death and thence to lie there in the darkness of the vault is to be as good as dead. Before, darkness meant Romeo could be hidden by the nigh t so he could go see Juliet and was therefore ironically associated with good things while light and the day brought them separation and troubles and was therefore associated with bad things.However, now the night represents for Juliet what it usually does for us, which is darkness, misery and death. Later, Shakespeare returns to the ironic implications of night as brighter times as it is during the night that Juliet is safe and things go according to plan, whereas the atomic number 42 dawn breaks, confusion reigns again and the lovers take their lives. The night-related imagery is used here to paint a dark and gloomy picture of the tomb to make Juliet see even more courageous and thus for the audience to sympathize with her.Love and death are two of the major themes throughout the play, which in a way contrast one another and in a way are dependent on one another. The entire speech is about Juliet questioning her love for Romeo and whether she is willing to sacrifice her life to remain true to her love. She contrasts what will happen if she doesnt drink the potion and has to marry Paris, with the prospect of death if she does drink it. After lean all the possible disasters that could befall her as a result of drinking the liquor, she ends with Romeo, Romeo, Romeo, heres drink I drink to thee. This tells us that to Juliet, marrying Paris is a fate worse than death and that she is willing to risk her life for Romeo.So, her love toward him is both a savior as that is what motivated her to drink the potion and escape her assign but it is also her ruin as their adoration for each other is what kills them both in the end. Another way to say this is that risking death will confer her love but death itself will take him away. end-to-end this entire passage, there is this ominous threat of death, foreshadowing the outcome ofthe play. Specifically, the phrases God knows when we shall meet again, freezes up the heat of life, if I wake, shall I not be distraught an d dash out my desperate brains all hint at what will happen and tell us that Juliet had made up her mind and is willing to die for Romeo.This speech incorporates many opposites or antitheses that Shakespeare employs constantly in this drama. Some of these are in the concrete language such as the contrast at the beginning of this speech between hot and cold. The simile I have a faint cold fearthat almost freezes up the heat of life is very poetic and clever because life represents the warmth and passion between the two lovers, their heat and her fear is of death, which turns a body cold. Another example of opposites is when Juliet questions whether the potion is a poison or an antidote to her troubles. There are also metaphorical opposites, to a lower place the surface of the text, such as reality versus appearance.The main subject of this extract is the false death, which makes her seem dead but she is really alive. Later, the word act on line 19 also ties in to this symbol as it r elates to theatricality and pretending to be someone or something that you are not. Clearly, opposites are very important in this passage because during the entire speech, Juliet is weighing her possibilities and asking herself what will happen if she does drink it and what will happen if she doesnt. Inside, she is comparing what her life will be bid with Paris and what her life will be like with Romeo.This speech is, I believe, an extremely important one in the play. It is truly the moment where what has happened and what will happen come together in Juliets decision that she would sacrifice herself out of love for Romeo. Parallel to that coming together in the plot is an assemblage of many images that have been used previously. It is also important because it is in my opinion the moment that Juliet enters into adulthood. In the lines I needs must act alone, Juliet is finally create from raw stuff to leave the comfort of being a child and make her own choices in life. Her fears a re natural everyone fears change, the unfamiliar, and so, part of Juliets worries in this speech are those of having to move on and make her own way for herself in a world full of hardships and obstacles. In the end, she takes comfort inRomeo, whom she expects to be there when she awakens, and drinks to him. Throughout the speech, beautiful imagery is used and the five senses are incorporated to make the scene come to life in order for the audience to sympathize with the lovers before their tragic deaths.

Critical Thinking Essay: the Godfather Essay

The Godfather, a story about a multigenerational crime family by the Italian American author Mario Puzo, was one of the best-selling books since it was published in 1969. Not only the book was a phenomenon, its movie under the direction of director Francis get over Coppola had also become a landmark in American movie since it was released in 1972. The Godfather detailed impressively the activities of the gangster world, especi onlyy the Corleone family which was under the control of the patriarch Vito Corleone starring by Marlon Brando and Al Pacino as his youngest son Michael Corleone who soon inherited his fathers position. The film lived up to the term masterpiece which helped it win terce Academy Awards for best actor, best picture, and best adapted screenplay. Although the movie was full of brutal violence and mass killing of volume, it also showed the care, the love, and the loyalty of the Corleone family members for separately other. sort of than just showing the criminal side of breaking the laws or murdering people, The Godfather showed a brand fresh vision of the gangster world to the audiences. The criminal genre kickoff started with the film the Little Caesar which was the first movie ever made about the gangster world in 1931. Later, many famous directors had taken advantage of this new trend and released many great movies with this genre, such as director Howard Hawkes with his famous film Scarface in 1932 and director Raoul Walsh with the movie White Heat in 1949. Those were all the big films that gave the audiences the impression of how audacious and dangerous the Mafia was. Mostly those movies focused on a younger gangster who was trying to work his way up in his criminal career to become well-known and powerful in the underworld by all means. Then, the release of the Godfather impressively surprised all the fans of the household movies with a totally different viewing experience.The film depicted a systematic criminal organization, a fa mily business that was transferred from generation to generation. The audiences are attracted in the rattling first game of the movie when it shows Vito Corleone is doing his business. The man is insisting him to take revenge for his daughter who was brutally beaten by her boyfriend and he give pay any price the Godfather wants. The audiences leave behind think that surely the Don will say yes because that is how a mobster is in their mind Give them money, they will do anything.However, Vito says No because the only thing he wants from the man is friendship and he feels disrespectful when the man is only talking about money. Another plot that shows the breakthrough of the Godfather is when his oldest son, Santino, was butchered by Emilio Barzinis men, the second most powerful Don, Vito still takes the initiative of renouncing all the vengeance at which audiences think there will be a massacre between the two families. Vito also makes a concession in doing drug business though he mentioned that he never believed drugs. In return, he wants a guarantee from other families for the safety of his own family and the younger son, Michael, who is still in Sicily hiding away from the police.Furthermore, thanks to director Coppola for being heady in choosing the appropriate actors and actresses for every characters in the movie which was a great contribution to the movie that made it become a masterpiece. Marlon Brando was not the first filling for the character Vito Corleone, he was actually refused for threading by the Paramount executives. However, Coppola believed Marlon was the best match for the character so he fought hard for him until the executives agreed. Marlon proved to the executives that Coppola was right by showing his consensus in being a patriarch of a powerful criminal family. The way the Godfather talks to his clients makes him a respectable man to his friends and family but a dangerous and cold-hearted killer to those who wants to go against hi m.Besides, the great performance of Marlon Brando puts an outstanding development of Al Pacinos character. Like Marlon, Al Pacino was not highly valued by the executives because of his looks and lack of experiences in acting. However, with his efforts, the viewing audience can chance the improvement in performing Michael Corleone through all the scenes. The scene he played that helped him keep his single-valued function is when Michael was in the restaurant with McCluskey and Sollozo. This plot was really breathtaking and terrifying that makes viewers attentively watch it to the end. Michaels shiver and worry before the shot successfully portrays an inexperienced mobster, a newbie in the underworld of Michael. Indeed, in the second half of the movie, when Michael took over his fathers chair and started the wipe-out of all of the familys rivals, he showed an image of a young Don who was more wise and dangerous than his father.As a gangster movie, the Godfather has many plots that can make viewers head start out of their chairs or hide their faces behind their hands. As an experienced director, Coppola knew how to combine background music with the plots to emphasize their contents. For example, when Jack Woltz refused the offer from the Godfather of letting Johnny Fontane cast a role in his movie, the next morning he woke up and saw his beloved horse head in his bed. The evil music was acting very small when the scene was showing Woltzs garden, viewers could even hear the sound of the crickets. Then the camera slowly moved to Woltzs sleeping room where the music was performing louder and louder as it reached near Woltzs bed. Finally, the music turned to maximum when Woltz was screaming because he saw the horse head. This scene really freaked people out because Coppola used a real horse head.Lastly, the movie is remarkable because it shows deeply the human part of mobsters. A typical example of how the Corleone members care for each other is Santinos care a bout his sister, Conny. At the first scene of the movie, there was the wedding of Conny and Carlo. Unfortunately, Carlo did not love her. He purposely married to Conny because he wanted to get involved in Corleone family which was the most powerful Mafia family in New York. However, Vito Corleone did not let any outsiders to be part of the his business. Carlo was frustrated and he started abusing Conny fiercely, his just married wife.In the film, audiences can see Santino was the only member in the family protected Conny. Santino was also a very hot-tempered person. In some plots, because he was so aggressive, he brought a very bad impression on viewers. Nevertheless, watching him beating Carlo on the street, viewers would have a more positive feeling toward him. Another plot that makes the audiences more sympathy with the movie is when Vito retired, he became an old man with very simple joys of doing gardening and playing with his grandson. Later in the movie, he died by a heart a ttack, a very normal way that could happen to other elders. That scene really surprises viewers because they may think as one of the most powerful Don in the Mafia world, Vito Corleone should have had a more honorable death.Overall, although the Godfather was released in 1972 at which the performance of the actors and actresses were not as good as the casts now, it still has the full attention of audiences every time they watch. It is rated R which means it has many extremely fiery scenes and nudity plots. Some people may think its violence is quite tame. However, if parents dont take seriously consideration before letting their kids see the movie, their kids might still have a nightmare at night.Work CitedSeal, Mark. The Godfather Wars. Vanity Fair. N.p., Mar. 2009. Web. 18 Nov. 2012. . Rovi, Bruce Eder. Little-Caesar Trailer Cast Showtimes NYTimes.com. Little-Caesar Trailer Cast Showtimes NYTimes.com. The New York Times, n.d. . TheGodfather pettiness Leavethe Gun, Read th e Trivia(Total Trivia Entries 147). The Godfather Trivia. N.p., n.d. .

Abolition Movement Essay

Nineteenth ampere-second America bore a perplexing set of movements. nigh of which aimed largely to reform American society. At this era, America is redefining her identity. Such was a significant time for reformation movement to peak. The Temperance Movement, religious Second swell Awakening and Womens Rights Movement are along some of the major efforts attempted to improve the nation and its people. Most important of all, the Abolition Movement, which the very posterior of exemption in America was redefined.The American abolition movement emerged in the early 1830s as the by-product of Second Great Awakening.1 Revivalistic tenets light-emitting diode the abolitionist to view slavery as a product of personal sin. They demand emancipation as the price of repentance.2 This religious revival resulted to thousands of conversions to evangelical religions.3 thraldom was one of the issues in America which most people sought to end. As early as 1688, the high society of Friends, also k nown as Quakers, took a everyday stand against slavery.4 Even though most quakers own slaves when they first came to America. William Buriling, Ralph Sandiford, Benhamin Lay, John Woolman and Anthony Benezet were among the societys members who largely determined their policy.These people were the salient figures who primarily unlike slavery within the society. By late 1700s and 1800s, the Society of Friends declared their proclaim against slavery. Quakers opposed it on religious grounds. Others contended that slave owners violated the very principles that the Founding Fathers and the solving of Independence had established in 1776.Many religious figures had largely contributed to Americas history of slavery. One was Lyman Beecher, one of the countrys prominent nineteenth- century clergymen and a revivalist of Second Great Awakening.5 Students of the school where Beecher became pastor, debated the issue on slavery and preferred to adopt abolitionism, which the board of the school opposed. In protest legion(predicate) students including Theodore Weld left the school.6Religion had intruded on slavery issues even during the establishment of Quakers. It is often said that this group kick in influence beyond their numbers. Through their kindly class and background, Quakers rescue shared an important role in forming Americas history as well as the society.In 1833, the American Anti-Slavery Society was established by William Lloyd Garisson7 with fellow abolitionists Arthur Tappan, Lewis Tappan, and Theodore Dwight Weld. It attracted a crowd with lecturing agents, petition drives and a wide variety of printed materials, condemning slavery on moral grounds. The arranging sent lecturers about the brutality of slavery across the North, including Ohio. Unfortunately, abolitionists appeal of emancipation were rejected by higher institutions as well as individual slave-owners. some(prenominal) important figures in the emancipation in America were obscures, themselv es. Most prominent black during the period started their journey from the oppression of slavery of the south-centralern states toward more sought after freedom enjoyed at Union states. In this freedom, they did not grow complacent while their people and family still suffer from inflictions of the institution of slavery. The most famous of this godly ordeal was that of Harriet Tubman.Harriet Tubman8 was a slave from Maryland. She suffered all her life from seizures, headaches and hypersomia having had knocked in the head with a heavy iron weight by a slave owner. In 1894 she escaped to Philadelphia where she met with William Still, the Philadelphia stationmaster on the underground railroad. Still, along with the Philadelphia Anti-slavery Society, enlightened Tubman of the workings of the underground railway.Eventually, she became a conductor for the underground railway. Dubbed as the Moses of her people, she helped provide safety device and salvation to an approximately 300 slav es. She worked various jobs in order to finance her actives as a conductor. During the Civil fight, she served as a soldier, spy and a draw for the Union. some other women of considerable existence was Soujorner Truth. Truth had been born a slave from Ulster County, crude York at a time wherein the state still permits slaves. The anti-slavery law of 1827 freed her from bondage. Her freedom prompt her to be an active abolitionist and a womans rights advocate.Truth became one of the most famous orator of her day. Her passion came from her desire to overthrow slavery and help her fellow black. Her speech communicationes against the evils of slavery shamed many people who were apathetic and passive. She also fights for women suffrage. Her speech, Aint I, a Woman?9 was her legacy. The speech were made at 1851 Convention on Womans Rights after a clergyman remark women as too weak and helpless.Another individual of which probably had the greatest impact for the throw, was Frederick D ouglass. Douglass was probably the most important black figure in the abolition of slavery. His accomplishment had impact America on a political scale. His reputation was in an international level.Douglass was born a slave in Maryland. He escaped from bondage and went to New Bedford with the help of a black navy named Ruggles. Although blacks are free in the city of New Bedford, it isnt a paradise. Douglas observed the discrimination throughout the city.He subscribed to an abolitionist paper the Liberator by William Lloyd Garrison. Through the Liberator, Douglass were introduced to abolitionist movements. Garrison eventually became his personal hero. Later he became a member of American Anti-Slavery Society. On August of 1841, an abolitionist meeting took place at New Bedford. Garrison saw Douglass, and he eventually recognized the potential. Douglass became an agent for Garrison. He became a traveling lecturer touring the Northern states to talk about his life and sell subscription s to the Liberator.The young Douglass told stories of brutal beatings of slave owners to women, children and the elderly. He told the story on how he broke the slave circuit breaker Edward Covey10. He scorned clergyman who warned slaves that they would be offending God if they disobeyed their masters. He speaks of evil of masters breeding their female slaves.He grew in attainment within his trade that people began doubting his credibility. How can such a slave have such a commanding master of words? they told themselves. This arouse Douglass into revealing his true identity through the disclosure of personal details. He produce an autobiography entitled Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave against the protest of his mentor Garisson and some co-abolitionists.The theme of the narrative is about moral force. It is a story of triumph and dignity, courage and self-reliance over the evils of brutal, degrading slave establishment. The narrative connotes the existing corruption in the human spirit that robs both the master and slave of their freedom. The book became popular in the North as well as in Europe. However, the Federal Law on fugitive slave panicened his freedom. The Law gave Thomas Auld the right to seize his property.The threat prompted his tour in London where he was later joined by Garisson and other abolitionist. August of 1846 at World Temperance Convention in London, Douglass attacked the American Temperance Movement. He felt that temperance activist were hostile to free blacks.Emancipation in Britain is still fresh among its people. In that regard Douglass felt niggling racial prejudice among the British. He carved connection among British and Europeans who were compassionate for the cause. The tour aroused goodwill for the abolitionist cause in the British isle. The success in Britain had propelled his reputation to an international level.Douglass established friends and supporters in Britain. In fact, it was his British friends who paid11 the price of Douglass freedom in America. With his renewed freedom he went to Rochester, New York to settle. The town had reputation of being pro-abolition. The women were also active in fighting for their rights. In here, he established a new anti-slavery publication, named North Star, which was not support by Garisson. With the North Star he no longer have to cling with white abolitionist group of Garisson.The widening connection of Douglass open his sense to the political aspects of his cause. He began to question the Garissonian views. For Garisson, abolishing slavery through violence is wrong. Garisson believed he could convince the slave owners into giving up their slaves thus setting them free. A white militant named John Brown12 helped convince Douglass that pacifist means could not by themselves bring an end to slavery.Douglass believed that the North would never abolish slavery if it could cause the break up of the Union and collapse of the Cons titution. He therefore decided that slavery would have to be ended through political reforms. Tension began to summon when Douglass urged North Star reader to be politically active and be involved. The change in principle created factions within the abolitionist circle. He, however, did not allow such disputes to affect what he aspired to do.Douglass became one of the most prominent and respected black of his time. His actions and success boosted the confidence of the black abolitionist. He tried to establish a black vocational school. Harriet Beecher Stowe, the author of Uncle tom turkeys Cabin helped to raise the fund. Furthermore, his Rochester home became the most important station on the underground railroad. He became the superintendent of the complete system in his area.The information regarding the evils of slavery are readily available due to hard work and perseverance of Frederick Douglas and William Lloyd Garrison13. However, the popularity of these informations are co nfined within the anti-slavery circle. In line with this, a fictional fresh of abolitionist nature was published entitled Uncle turkey cocks Cabin. The author was Harriet Beecher Stowe, an alleged daughter of Lyman Beecher. Uncle Toms Cabin had been published by weekly installment in the National Era from summer of 1851 to spring of 1852. Nevertheless, its popularity was still within the abolitionist circle.Its popularity gained when the novel was published in full in 1852. Uncle Toms Cabin became the best selling fiction of its time. It is considered by many, as one of the most influential American works of fiction ever published. The fiction had made an impact on Americas inner inquiry and realization of identity and of morality.14The success of the novel were founded on Stowes humanization of the slaves. The fiction places the reader in frontal view of the barbarity and inhuman disintegration of families which existed in the slavery system. Mothers were portrayed in their most desolate state when their masters sell their babies to a slave trader. The fiction appeal to the Christian soul as Stowe embodied Christ to Uncle Tom which is a black dutiful, loyal and a forgiving slave.The works of fiction arouse the antislavery sentiment in the North and provoke angry rebuttals in the south. Oppositions of views paved the way to devisions. Slavery was no longer a problem of the south and it concerns the whole nation as a whole.The culmination of all these events leads to a bloody battle between the Union and the Confederate slave states. The Union was fighting for a unified nation. The Confederates, on the other hand, wants to separate from the Union in order to secure their rights to own slaves. This disparity brought America to Civil War from 1861 to 1865. It was this reason why Abraham has been quoted saying to Stowe So this is the little lady who started this war.The status of the South as an agricultural states contributed much to their dependencies on slav es. Slaves were utilized for their manual work on the fields and plantations. In contrast, the North are already being industrialized. Their occupation was dependent on factories and machineries.It was the bloodiest battle that took place in American soil. The Confederate eventually succumb to the much equip forces of the Union. It was very devastating era that Americans have gone through in order to bring about change which redefined freedom in their constitution. Emancipation of all slaves was decreed to slaves states after the Civil WarThe abolitionists had their victory through information dissemination. Victory was achieved through rallying speeches that awakened compassion and goodwill of humanity. The rallying cries of the oppressed accused passivity a crime. They have pressured those who claimed to be free to guard and fight for freedom. On the night of the proclamation, Douglass was quoted as saying We were waiting and listening as for a bolt from the skywe were observanc eby the dim light of the stars for the dawn of a new daywe were longing for the answer to the agonizing prayers of centuries.15WORKS CITEDScott, Donald. Evangelicalism, Revivalism and the Second Great Awakening. TeacherServe from the National humanities Center. October 2000. Queens College. 18 April 2009.McKivigan, John. A Brief History of the American Abolitionist Movement. American Abolitionism. n.d. Indianapolis. 18 April 2009. The Second Great Awakening and the Age of Reform. Teach US History. 19 April 2009. http//www.religioustolerance.org/quaker1.htmWilliam L. Garrison. Ohio History Central. 1 July 2005. A product of the Ohio Historical Society. 18 April 2009 Robinson, B.A. unearthly Society of Friends (Quakers) Quaker History. Religious Tolerance. 7 February 2006. Ontario Consultants on Religious Tolerance. 19 April 2009. Woodson, C.G. Anthony Benezet. Classics on American Slavery. 25 March 2003. Dinsmore Documentation. 19 April 2009. Abolitionist. Ohio History Central. 1 July 2005. A product of the Ohio Historical Society. 19 April 2009 Sassi, Jonathan. Great Questions of National Morality. popular Place. 9. 1. ( October 2008) 19 pars. 19 April 2009. Lyman Beecher. Ohio History Central. 1 July 2005. A product of the Ohio Historical Society. 19 April 2009 Theodore Dwight Weld (1803-1895). Forever Free.The Public Library of Cincinnati and Hamilton County. 19 April 2009. The Effect of Uncle Toms Cabin. 123HelpMe.com. 18 Apr 2009 Thomas, Sandra. Frederick DouglassAbolitionist/Editor 19 April 2009. The Life of Harriet Tubman. New York History Net. 20 February 2008. 19 April 2009 .

Essay on Carol Berkin’s Revolutionary Mothers Essay

hum Berkin clearly states her thesis in the institution of revolutionary Mothers. Despite the absence of radical changes in grammatical gender ideology and gender roles for near women, the Revolution did lend legitimacy to new ideas about womens capacities and their proper roles. (Berkin 2005) In two thousand and xiv it is brainable about how clearly womens roles thrust changed especially in the areas of economics and politics at least it is obvious that the revolution did non bring luciferity. Legal status has changed. Of course, educational opportunities have expand greatly however, it often appears the more things change the more they stay the same. Even our popular vernacular demonstrates an entrench gender inequality. You throw like a girl reveals poor physical performance. To concretely state command a person need only to make a nonher their bitch. Female autonomy is commonly used to denote weakness. While women now have the right to vote it is interesting that in th e US Senate only 20 of the 100 senators are female. Look to Fortune 500 CEOs and you leave find only 24 female CEOs. (Fairchild 2014)It is standard knowledge that while women are jurisprudencefully entitled to their wages they make 82 cents to the dollar of a males wages and raze lower percentages for women of color. (US Department of Labor 2014) As a result of the Revolution, changes occurred. While all those who debated the woman question agreed on the intellectual and moral equality of the sexes, few believed that the two sexed shouldemploy their abilities in the same arenas. (Berkin 2005) If this is true of 1781, it is true of 2014 as well. sex roles still ensure women are not equal loving, economic, and political participants in the US. Clearly, women could not have demanded emancipation at the conclusion of the Revolution principally because of unforgiving gender roles on the 1700s. unless to assume women did not contemplate greater political, economic, and social equa lity because of gender roles would relegate them to inferior intellect and place Victorian ideology onto them in 2014. Women questioned their position as whatsoever other individual even though they did not collectively seek radical change. Berkin makes a quick case steeped with evidence about an strong-minded political conscience emerging. Feme covert was the status 18th coke women found themselves in upon marriage.This status meant her legal personhood disappeared with marriage as she was assumed by her husband as a dependent. Berkin begins her argument with the role of women at the time of the American Revolution. Women could assume new responsibilities because of her helpmate responsibilities without beholding those responsibilities in light of a desire to change her status. However, more than that was occurring. across the colonies, women and girls developed concerns outside the underground world of the family and began to think nationly. (ibid, 11) Largely because of wo mens roles in the process of boycotting goods, women utilized political fountain. Women became critical participants in the opposition to Britain. Gender could not stop the obvious question of what would be the meaning of the demanded changes. Purchasing power was used as an effective tool and the humanitiy that pushed women into participation must have in any case generated questions as to what changes would occure because of these protest. Gender roles might have inhibited the action of demanding change but it didnt stop the question from beign raised. existence loving or even just obedient partners might explain their involvement but it could not surpress the natural inclienation of asking questions of why. The Edenton Resolves profess that although women owed obedience to their husbands their behavior was also for personal reasons, Yet they also say that it was the duty they owed to themselves. (ibid, 22) Loyality and gender roles would impact female actions and motivations. Catherine Schuyler, wife of the American general Philip Schuyler, tossed flaming torches on her field of wheat sooner thansee it used to feed public John Burgoynes invading army. (ibid, 41) mollify primal motivations of survival and self interst would dominate motivation. The whole world appeared to me as a theatre, where nothing was acted deprave cruelty, bloodshed, and oppression where neither age nor sex escaped the horrors of injustice and violence where lives and property of the innocent and clear were in continual danger, and the lawless power ranged at large. (idib, 36) Survival motivated. Whether refering to camp followers or Generals wives, self interest moved human action. The Baroness von Riedessel, Martha Washington, or Caty Greene were all tied to their husbands and their success. Their decision to follow their husbands and face the challenges go about soldiers on the front lines with a definite grace related to their avouch futures and status as very much as th eir husbands and each of these women would have known that fact. Surely loyality and affection played a role in their behavior, but not necessarily numerous more that self interest. Nathaneal Greene instructs his wife on her options during his absence, She chose neither of his suggestions. (ibid, 78) instead she made her own choice on her own interest. Self interest were linked to an emerging independent conscience. Grace Galloway exposes this point. When her loyalist husband left her in Philadelphia she found herself in dire straits. Even when the brass confiscated her property, she worked to retain economic rights. Grace did not surrender quietly. Throughout 1778, her journal entries show her determined attempts to recognise and recover her dowry property from the rest of her husbands property. (ibid, 94) Female political conscience was also demonstrated by the shift in legal verbage. Thus statutes defining treason began to speak of persons rather than mne, of he and she rathen than he alonge. (ibid, 100) These independent political choices (ibid, 100) could be looked at as wifely duties but the law saw otherwise. indispensable America women also had to weigh self interest in determining the take up course of action and the wisest ally in the American Revolution. Gender roles among some Natives were quite different than most European gender roles. So a natural inability to compromise became extremely strained.For those steeped in the English traditions of subordination of women, womens councils and women warriors were a radical crossing of gender linesThere are few records of Indian womens view of English colonial society. Those that exist suggest amazement at the female settlement and exclusion from political life that marked a culture that was as alien to them as theirs was to the English. (ibid, 109) mollie Bryants loyalty to Britain marked her belief in protecting her self-interest. She believed her political commitment to the Crown honored her hus bands memory and, most importantly, served the best interest of her Mohawk kinsmen and women. (ibid, 112) For her entire life she worked as a political leader attempting to substantial lands and rights for her people. Several other female Native leaders worked to secure Native interest. The American Revolution would greatly limit the voice of Native people and particularly Native women but many Natives had a definite political conscience which they voiced loudly and often. Gender norms did not stop African Americans women from questioning the ideas of liberty promoted in the American Revolution. Likewise, the self-interest of the British crown back up them to court African Americans for support as Dunmores Ethiopian Regiment attest.The chaos of the war offered opportunities for emancipation and many sought refuge behind British lines. Usually these opportunities did not lend themselves to freedom with many Africans sold to the West Indies, yet the vast number and movement of Afri cans show the ability to work towards their own benefit and the ability to think politically. Berkin uses primary sources to lay out her claims including newspapers, letters, and diaries. Relying heavily on the work of Elizabeth Ellets Women and the American Revolution, her work was influenced by the gender roles of the 1840s and 1850s. The Cult of Womanhood cloud the political conscience of revolutionist women but even so that voice questions personal sovereignty. At times Berkin seems superficial in her arguments still she argues that change did occur with the American Revolution. There was no great revolution for womens economic, political, and social equality. John Adams states, We are obliged to go fair, and softly, and in Practice We are the subjects. We have only the put up of Masters, and rather than give up this, which would completely subject Us to the Despotism of the Petticoats, I hope General Washington and all our brave Heroes would fight. (ibid, 158) Even so the wom ens debate did cause pause.Reason rules, in every one, the same. No Right, has Man, his Equals to control, Since, all agree, There is no Sex in soul. (ibid, 151) Womens participation in the war had given concrete, empirical evidence of their ability to think rationally and make ethicaljudgments. (ibid, 152) Carol Berkin uses both famous and obscure women. She looks at patriots and loyalistis, trulls and Generals wives, Native Americans, African Americans, and spies. The idea of Revolutionary mothers who would train the upcoming generations of Republican citizens guaranteed changes in womens education but at the expense of extensions of rights for women. Yet changes in education would give voice to festering ideas. In spite of this revolution, political conscience began to develop. voter turnout was eventually won but not as an extension of the Revolution. Gender roles of 2014 still create a definite imbalance in society politically, economically, and socially. Women function, work, raise families, display citizenship, pay their bills, and interact at heart their communities within continued gender restrictions. Because we do not protest or demand immediate resolution does not mean we do not think about, contemplate these inequities. How could Abigail Adams prompt John Adams to Remember the Ladies if she did not have a conscience about the injustice of property and legal status of women?Berkin, Carol. Revolutionary Mothers Women in the assay for Americas Independence. New York Vintage Books, 2005. Fairchild, Caroline. Fortune. July 8, 2014. http//fortune.com/2014/07/08/women-ceos-fortune-500-1000/ (accessed November 8, 2014). US Department of Labor. Bureau of Labor Statistics. October 24, 2014. http//www.bls.gov/news.release/pdf/wkyeng.pdf (accessed November 8, 2014).

Differences among Corporate, Institutional and Government Procurement

The procurance strategies differ greatly in the judicature, corporate and institutional sectors. premier(prenominal) and foremost, t here are some key distinctions in the supply chain management (SCM), that is in the process-oriented body of purchasing, producing, and delivering product to customers that includes the complete supply chain, i. e. demand, supply, manufacturing, transportation and distribution(1, 2006).Recently the industrial sector has increased the SCM standards with emphasis on speed and turnover of goods. For example, the turnover of inventory in Wal-Mart is approximately 12 hours (2, 2006). The presidential term sector is slight efficient in the SCM due to legal, cultural or material complexities, not to mention the bureaucracy that bed influence the speed of logistics and supply. However, in the military industry the big contractors and the Pentagon are theoretically able to move through the revolving door.In practice, it can lead to the conflicts of inter ests, when the businesses hire government officials with a post to influence the government procurement strategies for instance, Darleen Druyuns case, the deputy acquisition chief for the Air Force, hired by Boeing in 2003) (3, 2004). administration purchasing can be more large-scale in terms of allocated funds however, it complies not further to the matters of immediate financial benefit, but also to the state-level concerns.For example, the Government Purchasing Project by the Center for antiphonal Law is regulated by environmentally preferable purchasing policies on the federal, state and local government level (4, 2006). Institutional purchasing faces fewer barriers in the form of formalities and large-scale commitments. Government procurement is an effective process of supplying necessary goods and services because of its holistic quality. The government establishes its own rules in view of the internal and external state policy and economic conditions.This is a flexible p rocurement process, and if rules were adequate to the demand, it is exceedingly effective. By administering contracts the government agencies can choose the most favourable deal for supplying the required goods and services. However, here is a danger of making rules for their own sake, i. e. bureaucracy. To sum up, the differences between corporate, institutional, and government procurement lie in SCM (turnover speed), purchasing strategies and long-term perspectives, as well as general economic and political context.

Price War Essay

How should a company try to deal with the threat of a monetary value struggle? Fontinelle (2010) believed that cost war has a big impact which leads to a string of determine reduction that vaporizes the profit margins. There are many solutions which provoke cope with the menace of a price war. To start with, Rao et al. (2000) showed that the manager of a company should confine into account of early(a) options before answering the price hurts call. The manager should con billetr matching price cut is a good choice or not before deciding. Moreover, additional information about the price war is needed to be figured out immediately. Does the discounted price apply for a short completion of time or long term? In addition, the terms and conditions for the promotion are also involved.For example, Starbucks flock their customers crazy because of the 50% discount Frappuccino in happy hour campaign. In addition, it also attracts much unseasoned customers. Meanwhile, their competito rs should consider about applying the same strategy or do nothing. The competitors managers must be particularly careful as the threat of price war is high. In addition, they may get more disadvantages instead of advantages as if their brand is not as strong as Starbucks. Misreading the competitors purposes which is one of the main factor causes price war can lead to un forefendable price war (Little, 2003).Therefore, correct information about competitors intentions must be obtained carefully. The reason behind the price cuts must be figured out to have the right respond. With the same example above, the competitors managers should research in detail about Starbucks promotion campaign to have their suitable marketing strategy. According to Rao et al. (2000), marketing confabulation strategy plays an important role in ensuring the competitors understand the reason behind the company price maneuver which assists in avoiding a price war. Advertisement should not only focus on the pric e that also the quality and benefits of the product. Therefore, the companies should selectively reveal their strategy intentions in the purpose of staying away from price reductions.To avoid igniting a price war, Swartz (2012) claimed that products are required to be differentiated. It means that the products must be customized to become swell in the market share. Although other traders may offer products which are similar to those competitors are selling, it doesnt of necessity mean the company must serve identical products or services. Therefore, there are many slipway of differentiation in order to make the customers realize which product is more valuable to purchase. Rao et al. (2000) pointed out that awareness of customers level of price sensitivities is also important.To carry out a successful pricing strategy, a company must first comprehend the basic understanding of customer perception of price sensitivity. This changes when new competitors enter the current market as company have to be aware of other competitors pricing strategy as well. As a conclusion, companies should keep clear of price wars as it can be difficult to manage as soon as price wars begin to gain a head start. Arguments between companies regarding price wars should be handled calmly to avoid unnecessary conflicts. As a side benefit, it would also reduce the chances of initiating price wars.