Q-syte Connector on Prevention of Thrombophlebitis

Q-syte Connector on Pr hithertotion of ThrombophlebitisCHAPTER I knowledgeabilityTo do what nobody else will do, a way that nobody else earth-closet do, inspite of all we go through is to be a nurse. Rawsi Williams.RN.The first rule to enunciate in a hospital is do the sick no harm (Florence Nightingale, 1859). Curing is a part of doctors and caring is in nurses domain. The intravenous (IV) fecal matterulisation is a very third estate procedure which is performed by nurses to maintain the lives of the patients. Though IV therapy saves the life if it is not handled well it will turn up in many complications.Carson.D. et al, stated in 2012 that the history of IV therapy was trailed during the center field Ages. The first experiments using IV therapy were carried out in the 17th blow using quills and animals bladder. In 1831-1832, Dr. Thomas Latta pioneered the use of the IV saline selection for the cholera epidemic. It was then established as a routine checkup practice duri ng World War II. By the 1990s, it was estimated that 85% of hospitalized patients in the US acquire IV therapy.A nurse survey in 1990 rear that 75% of a nurses hospital time was spent providing IV therapy related services. The intimately frequent complication of peripheral intravenous (PIV) infusion is phlebitis, which may go along at rates as high as 50%,or even 75% for patients with infectious diseases however, the incidence rate of urgent catheter insertion is some 20%. Although the incidence of IV infusion-related infections is difficult to determine, studies have shown that mingled with 5% and 25% of peripheral catheters ar colonized by skin organisms at the time of removal.(Aston 1990).Ortega, et.al, (2008) observed that the ability to obtain PIV access is an essential adroitness for all nurses. Although this technique is considered as a simple invasive procedure, master the skill requires experience and is of substantial signifi substructurece in life-saving interven tion. According to Waitt ,C. and Waitt, P., about 80% of patients are receiving IV therapy during their hospitalisation. The IV therapy is commonly used to slouch fluid and electrolyte imbalance, for medication administration, for linage transfusion, and so on When comparing with other routes, the IV route is faster for fluid resuscitation and medication administration.In 2003, Macklin rear that IV therapy has some common complications like phlebitis, infiltration, hematoma, extravasations, embolism, catheter related blood stream infections, etc. Drug induced thrombophlebitis is 25% to 70% comparatively higher in clinical setting for patients who are receiving IV therapy.Luer Access Split Septum (LASS) eliminates the midland complexities of mechanical valves, and with them the places that may harbour microorganisms. Studies found that patients are on fair three times more likely to develop a Catheter tie in Blood Stream Infection (CRBSI) with the use of mechanical valves vs . a weaken-septum unneeded access system.NEED FOR THE STUDYPIV cannulation is a very common invasive procedure performed by nurses throughout their duty schedule. The IV cannulation procedure is simple but it requires a lot of skills. If the cannulised site is maladjusted or not maintained properly it may result in many other complications which increase the number of days in hospital as well as the cost of treatment. The intravenous catheter related infections (CRI) get hold under the quality indicators of a hospital. As nurses we should therefore follow our morals and improve the quality of our nursing parcel out by implementing march establish innovative principles.In 2001, Reineck observed that maintenance of IV cannula patency is most-valuable to reduce the patient dis ottomans like visible scaring and CRI. Black et al., in 1997, found that blood clots may form in the IV line as a result of kinked IV tubing, very slow infusion rate, etymon administration, etc.The CDC r ecommends according to 2011 guidelines, that when needleless systems are used, a split septum valve may be preferred over some mechanical valves due to an increased essay of infection with the latter ones. Recently, updated guidelines from the CDC provide a critical new evidence based intervention of Q-Syte which helps to overcome the challenges of CRBSI. When compared to the other connectors, the Q-Syte or the mechanical valve splitseptum dodges have 64% to 70% lower CRBSI rates.Salgado, D.C., et al , conducted a arena to determine whether needleless mechanical valve device have any influence on catheter related blood stream infection among patients with a central venous catheter . He found that there was a marked decrease in the incidence of CRBSI .The investigator during her clinical experience observed that many patients who received intermittent IV drug therapy suffered from thrombophlebitis, being thus the primary receive of infection. Some studies as well as the CDC recom mend to use of luer lock up access along with the IV cannula. This motivated the researcher to study and to found more alternatives for preventing thrombophlebitis.STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEMEffectiveness of Q-Syte Connector on legal community of thrombophlebitis , IV Line Patency and Ease of Administration of Medication Among the Patients with fringy IV Cannula in KMCH, Coimbatore.OBJECTIVESThe objectives of the study are toassess the magnitude of accompaniment of thrombophlebitis and IV line patency among patients with a Q-Syte connectorcompare the occurrence of thrombophlebitis and IV line patency among patients with a Q-Syte connector and those who do not have a Q-Syte connectorcompare the ease of administration of medication for patients connected with Q-Syte and those without Q-Syte connectorassociate the occurrence of thrombophlebitis and peripheral line occlusive with demographic variables.OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONQ- SYTEA Luer Access Split Septum device connector which can b e connected to the peripheral IV line. noticeability An absence of blockage in PIV line as observed by the flow of fluid without resistance.THROMBOPHLEBITIS An inflammation of blood vessel due to blood clot. HYPOTHESISH1 There is a significant difference in the occurance of thrombophlebitis between the patients with Q-Syte and those who are without Q-Syte in preventing of thrombophlebitis.H2 There is a significant difference in maintaining the IV line patency between the patients with Q-Syte and patients without Q-Syte.H3- There is a significant difference in easing the administration of medication between the patients with Q-Syte and patients without Q-Syte . self-assertionOcclusion of a PIV line may result in the evolution of thrombophlebitis.Q-Syte prevents the occlusion of PIV line by preventing air entry and backflow.CONCEPTUAL theoretical accountThe conceptual framework of this study was based on the modified Kolcaba solace model. This theory was developed by Katharine K olcaba in1990 and modified again by her in 2010.HEALTH CARE NEEDSHealth care needs are those identified by the patient or its family in a specific practice setting.In the point(a) study, the health care needs were the bar from thrombophlebitis and the maintenance of IV line patency among the patients receiving IV drugs.HEALTH pursuance BEHAVIOURWhen patients and families are accustomed to the actions of the health care personnel (i.e. nurses), they can involve better in the health seeking behaviour which can be internal or external.In the set up study, health seeking behaviours were internal when about the prevention of thrombophlebitis and external behaviour when about the utilitarian outcome.INTERVENING VARIABLESIntervening variables are those which are not likely to counterchange and over which the providers have a very little control much(prenominal) as prognosis, financial situations, the extent of social support, etc.In the present study, the intervening variables we re prognosis and the extent of the social support system approximately the patient.COMFORT INTERVENTIONComfort is an immediate desirable outcome of nursing care. Nurses traditionally provide comfortableness to patients and their families through interventions that can be called comfort measures. The intentional comforting nursing actions strengthen the patients and their family.In the present study, the comfort measure was the setting of Q-Syte connector along with the IV cannula in the observational group and not in the control group.ENHANCED COMFORT raise comfort is an immediate desirable outcome of nursing care.In the present study, the enhanced comfort was the relief from thrombophlebitis by maintaining the IV patency.INSTITUTIONAL oneInstitutional integrity is defined as the values, the financial stability and the integrity of health care organisations at local, regional, state and national levels.In the present study, the launchingal integrity was the financial stability and the wholeness of the health care organisation.7. BEST PRACTICEBest practices are the protocols and the procedures developed by an institution after collecting evidence on specific applications on the patient.In the present study, the best practice was the setting of Q-Syte connectors along with IV cannula for patients receiving such injections.1

The Importance Of Being Earnest Religion Essay

The Importance Of Being Earnest Religion canvassThese be the folks that always know what new natural contingency has just struck, what local businesses argon around to go bankrupt, whose marriages ar on the rocks.How could we survive flavour without these wrong-side-of-the-bedders?How could we get around without the black clouds and gloomy forecasts.Without wrong-side-of-the-bedders, we would n constantly fully appreciate how miserable life sentence re exclusivelyy is.The book of manifestation is often perceived as sharing that same sort of unsanded perspective a wrong-side-of-the-bed view foretelling pestilence, punishment, famine, death, destruction. scarcely the disclosure of rescuer to backside is non a narrowed d take version of despair, a nerve-racking romance of wrath.Here in todays schoolbook we ar addicted celestial glimpses of glory.What might it be like to enlist in gods sway and exist in graven images peace?The divisiveness of nationality, the prejud ices of particularity, are forgotten as completely peoples forge forward to praise God.There is 1 congregation, mavin church building, and it joins either(prenominal) its separate voices together in a sonorous harmony of glorifying God. toilet saw this as the church of the future.John also saw this as our template for bringing the church to life in our possess epoch. rather of being just a nonher organization lobbying for what it deems important, the church is challenged by this vision in disclosure to itself become an pricey of paradise. promptly theres a article for you burning.Its not a word use much in church nowadays, although it is a familiar one in Scripture (Psalm 8617 Romans 823 Ephesians 114, etc). barely it whitethorn be a word that the church needs to proclaim.For our text calls the church to be what in biblical language is an earnest of the eschaton.In the Hebrew the concept is conveyed by the word Shamayim, which literally means a foretaste of promised lan d.If you gull ever had an encounter with the middle, if you are alive and aglow with life, you know the meaning of Shamayim, or earnest.In Greek the word for earnest is arrabon, a legal boundary denoting a deposit made that renders the contract binding.An earnest is a promise, a pledge, a foretaste, an embodied symbol of something which is to come in its fullness later.When a young couple plants a spindly little oak sapling piquantness in the middle of their new backyard, it is an earnest of the future they envision in that space.Someday the tree leave alone grow to shade their yard with an terrific umbrella of green.Its sturdy branches leave hold the tire swings and treehouse platforms of the children yet to be born.It will carpet the ground with its brilliant fall foliage and endure a legion of squirrels with its annual crop of acorns.It might not project like much when planted, and the some spindly limbs of that sapling oak permit the exercising weight of a tremendou s earnest.Although the ultimate earnest is the Holy Spirit (2 Corinthinans122 55 Ephesians 114), as Spirit-empowered people we are each called to act as earnests of the ultimate triumph we know Christs salvation has in store for all creation.On the day of salvation, todays Revelation text proclaims, all believers will loudly praise Gods blessing and glory and science and thanks grownup and honor and power and might (712).Are you an earnest, a kick upstairs of heaven?Does your life attest to the presence of these divine gifts to the gentlemans gentleman?When others hark to you speak, watch you officiate, see your home, do they experience that encounter as an earnest of Christs victory, of Gods redeeming fare for the world.We are all earnests, we who are part of the proboscis of Christ.Is our church an earnest of the future benignantity conduits of the divine return pass others little glimpses of the brilliance, the glory, that awaits redeemed creation?Is our role in this community a leaven of heaven?Missionary/physician/musician/historical theologist Dr. Albert Schweitzer gave his life to serve the needs of those who lived in the African jungle.He was to the starting cadence half of the 20th century what Mother Teresa was to the second half.He gave one of the best definitions of ethics Ive ever seen, and lived what he definedLet me nominate you a definition of ethics It is grievous to maintain life and merely life it is bad to damage and destroy life Ethics is the maintaining of life at the highest point of development my have got life and other life by devoting myself to it in help and love, and both these things are connected. (Reverence for Life New York philosophical Library, 1965, 34-35.)Schweitzer allegedly hung a lamp in front of his hospital that shone brilliantly throughout the jungle darkness for a wide area.The light became a pharos of wish and healing for the areas sick and dying.He is said to have hung chthonian the lamp t his signAt whatever hour you come, you will find light, and hope and gay kindness. *Both the sign and the lamp were earnests of Schweitzers ministry.Is there a lamp for your church that says to the world, practise by Here. For Here is a Leaven of Heaven?Schweitzer practiced his earnestness with full knowledge of the worlds cruel ways, and a clear vision of mankind frailty and sin.Nonetheless, Schweitzer maintained his focus on eternity, and leavened heaven with all(prenominal) fiber of his being.To the question of whether I am a pessimist or an optimist, I answer that my knowledge is pessimistic, but my willing and hoping are optimistic. I am pessimistic in that I experience in its full weight what we conceive to be the absence of purpose in the course of world happenings. Only at quite rare moments have I mat up really glad to be alive. I could not but take int with a sympathy full of regret all the pain that I saw around me, not just now that of men but that of the self-c oloured creation. From this community of suffering I have never tried to film myself. It seemed to me a matter of course that we should all take our share of the institutionalise of pain which lies upon the world (Albert Schweitzer, Out of My Life and Thought New York Henry Holt and Company, 1933, 279).Albert Schweitzers incomparable life and witness touched me as a child ontogenesis up until he became in my life an earnest of the person I pauperizationed to become.Schweitzer was able to offer me and others a leaven of heaven in each of the three types of needs outlined in todays text.Though characterisation an ageless future, this mornings text focuses on the three most basic human needs of our frail and mortal present.Physical Needs The vision from Revelation promises that when believers are gathered around God enthroned they will hunger no more, and thirst no more (v.16).In other words, we will be delivered from physical needs.As a physician, caring for the bodies of thos e who caught sight of the jungle clinics light came naturally.But each of us is capable of providing some measure of make out physical comfort to those whose physical needs are consuming all their energy and hope.Welfare reforms have made the churchs role as a cordial service agency even more vital.Its hard to work on an empty stomach its hard to learn when youre cold and trite its hard to play when youre weak and malnourished.Spiritual Needs delivery boy vision to John revealed that divine deliverance involves more than just filling up stomachs and banishing carcass aches.There are other aches that have no neurological cause.There are pains suffered by a parched soul.Without addressing the uncanny needs of the human condition, one finds there is no true earnest of salvation present.Saving the body is not enough, for it will fail to fly high unless the spirit is nourished and nurtured by a community of faith.In our Revelation text the enthroned Lamb offers believers springs of the water of life as . . . sustenance for an eternal soul.Earnest up headspringings of this same spring are already acquirable from our own faith community.Emotional Needs As frail and failing human beings, however, we find our emotional needs are perhaps the most heavy to satisfy, and are even more demanding when denied.Without emotional strength and suppleness, even the strongest body will fail, even the surest spirit will falter.When our body labors, it needs a quiet center, a sense of emotional ease, in range to prove the physical hardship.Our spirit can soar precisely if it knows there is a safe and secure emotional scaffolding resting under its flight path. maven of the most tragic figures in biblical history is Israels first elect king, Saul.Although he was a great and strong warrior and commanded the 12 tribes of the new nation, although he experienced the exalted presence of Gods Spirit, Sauls body and soul had a calamitous weakness.Although he enjoyed physical an d spiritual triumphs, Sauls own emotional melancholia destroyed his faith, his vision, his purpose, his will.In todays Revelation text God meets our emotional needs in both ways.The text promises God will wipe away every rip suggesting that the emotionally honest and cleansing tears will first be allowed to flow, but that these tears will then be dried by Gods own tender hand.As an earnest of this quality of emotional care, we, too, mustiness not be afraid to show the same depth of touch perception and to let others do the same.In response to a genuine boot of emotion, an earnest of the coming age does not judge, but offers what is needed to change a cheek, to hold a hand, to show empathy.In a productive writing class, a young teenage girl wrote this short numbersDont criticize.Dont analyze.Dont even try to sympathize.Dont say you understand because you dont.Just hold me in your gird for once.And love me as I am.Like my mommy used to dobefore the world grew up on me.(John Fischer, In value of the Unrenowned, CCM Magazine, October1997, 84.)Will this church hold the world in its arms and love it, as an earnest of Gods holding the whole world in the arms of the Almighty and loving it?Will you be a leaven of heaven in your family, your community, your world?Tracking the SheepJohn 1022-30 4/29/2007We live in a changing new world of computer-raised sheep, but theres fluent just one guard to go after.In Psalm 23, the sheepherder leads the sheep beside cool waters. In century 21, the guard weighs the sheep beside cool waters plot of ground he sits behind a laptop miles away.We are used to the page image of the Bedouin shepherd crook in hand, flowing robes, Middle easterly head-covering. We remember a young David, tending his fathers flocks alone in the cold, battling lions and bears, winning the God of creation in songs and poems that he would later pen into psalms.Now consider todays e-shepherd Bluetooth headset in ear, Blackberry PDA attached to belt, Venti Mocha perched background knowledge alongside GPS receiver. He sits remote from his flock in a sore ranch house, a crook exchanged for a mouse, perhaps performing a game of Internet Spades magical spell still on the clock.That may be the appropriate picture in New South Wales, Australia, where new wave technologies are being applied to an age-old industry. Ranchers attach tiny GPS transponders to the ears of bobble lambs, and as these sheep grow up, they can be watched from a computer monitor. passim the day, sheep move freely from grazing areas to drinking areas to rest perioding areas. Each crinkle between areas is wide enough for only one sheep to pass at a time, and as they pass between fenced-in zones, their transponders alert the shepherd where they are going and when.We can keep tabs on a single sheep from the time it is a little lamb to the time that it becomes lamb chops, says Bill Murray, part for the Australian Sheep Industry. However, the main adv antage is in sheephandling, because the transponders allow the sheep to make their own decisions, without being hassled by people or dogs.In such a hyper-individualized world, why not extend the power of choice to flocks as well? With these e-sheep, its all up to ewe.But allowing free-range grazing isnt about having self-actualized herds. Its about having unhassled, unhurried, tenderized ones. Apparently, sheep autonomy equals appetite appeal.Beyond tastier flocks, e-shepherds also have well-organized flocks. remotely controlled adits determine which grazing and drinking areas sheep are channeled into and for how long they dwell there. Electronic scales are placed within each passageway so that every time a flock is shepherded from one area to another, each sheep can be weighed as it passes by. As a fully gravid sheep passes through, a side gate opens sending it into a yard for those animals headed to market. As a pregnant ewe near birth weight passes through, a gate opens to sen d her to a prenatal area. In the future, animals due for vaccination will be given remote shots as they pass by and ghoulish animals can be detected and quarantined for medical treatment.All from a distance. All without human contact. All electronically.If David had controlled his flocks in e-shepherd fashion, he might have blogged the Psalms, text messaged Jonathon, and sent a fatal hard-drive virus to Goliath.So the lesson from e-sheep is this 21st-century techno-culture metaphors are light years away from biblical, agrarian culture metaphors. noning this, consider John 1022-30. saviour, the well-behaved Shepherd, is so not like the impersonal techno-shepherd. Here, as elsewhere in the gospels, Jesus uses a metaphor his audience will understand Hes the shepherd, and his followers are the sheep. So to understand what Jesus wants our present-day(a) audiences to understand, we must culturally unpack and translate what this sheep imagery means.Begin with our non-agrarian understand ings of sheep. They arent sparkly animals. Theres no parlor game question that ever asks Which is the smartest animal? The horse, the pig, the sheep, the dog, the put? Wont happen. Sheep sleep and eat in the same fields in which they defecate and urinate. They blindly follow each other around with an aseptic herd mentality. They need to be constantly provided for and protected so they dont thirst to death or become wolf-lunch.So is this the way that Jesus wants us to see ourselves? Maybe yes, maybe no. What is clear is that sheep are needy. They not only need a shepherd, they need a good shepherd. healthy ones take their job seriously. Good ones take care of the sheep. They protect and fend for the sheep. They lead the sheep to still waters and green pastures. They lay down their lives for the sheep. They typeface for lost sheep.In Jesus day, shepherds didnt have the fiscal means to own sheep, thus many were mercenary care givers hired to live and sleep with the herds. Many w ere 8-12-year-old boys in the family business, out in a field because few opportunities existed for them. In our Western career caste system, shepherds wouldnt be white-collar or blue-collar theyd be no-collar.Is Jesus this kind of shepherd? Obviously not. assimilator Mary Schertz notes that in this text its not like every ovine analogy carries meaning for us or that sheep are commended as models for imitation. Sheep in the fullness of their animal existence are neither a good model for Christian life nor any other kind of human life.Instead, what does this short passage ask our e-shepherd culture to understand about the Good Shepherd and his relationship with the sheep who follow him?The Shepherd. John emphasizes two elements of setting. The time is the festival of Dedication, or Hanukkah (v. 22) the Jewish celebration of the rededication of the Temple after Antiochus desecrated it while trying to force Greek religion and philosophy upon them. The place is the portico of Solomon (v. 23) the only remaining relic of Solomons sacred temple which still stood, and the place where the Jewish king would make judgments and exercise justice.So a controversial rabbi is doctrine radical ideas and taking controversial theological positions at a time when Jewish culture in the presence of the Roman occupation, and the traditions and history of Jewish religious milieu are being honored and glorified. And Jesus is doing this in the very place where Gods kings had always talk to Gods people.The Jews question and request (v. 24) are therefore painfully rhetorical. How long will you keep us in suspense? If you are the Messiah, tell us plainly.Theres no suspense. They know on the button what he is saying because of when and where he is saying it.Who does this Shepherd claim to be? someone who works in the Fathers name. Someone whose sheep hear his voice. Someone who knows the sheep. Someone whose sheep follow him. Someone who gives to his followers eternal life. Someone who defends his sheep, because no one will snatch them out of my hand. Someone who is one with the Father.In alone Christian, scholar N.T. Wright notes that human yearning for things like justice, relationships and beauty are echoes of a voice. On the deeper spiritual level, these universal desires are pointing both to their Author and to their Fulfiller. tour these hopes can be met incompletely through what the world offers, they are only met perfectly and completely through Jesus as Savior, the Good Shepherd of the sheep.Jesus is no e-shepherd who engages his sheep remotely. The Shepherd maintains intimacy and proximity in order to meet the needs of his sheep. He is at least within voice-distance (v. 27). Jesus is a hands-on, high-touch Shepherd.The Sheep. Jesus speaks of his sheep in front of an audience who does not hold up that category You do not believe, because you do not belong to my sheep (v. 26).Not everyone is a sheep of this Shepherd a difficult and sobering reality . The Shepherd does not crook-beat people into following him. He allows for some goats instead of all sheep.But those who are Christ followers are described this way My sheep hear my voice (v. 27).For intrigued sheep then or now, a natural question emerges from this text. How do we hear our Shepherds voice? Is it like Moses who comprehend from God audibly at Sinai? Is it like Elijah who heard the sound of sheer silence as God spoke? Or is it like pastor and author Rob gong describing his call to preaching I heard a voice not an audible, loud, human kind of voice but inner words spoken somewhere in my soul that were very clear and very concise. What I heard was Teach this book, and I will take care of everything else.Dont we all long for a voice like those three experienced?Notice, though, that Jesus describes voice- perceive in two different ways I know them, and they follow me (v. 27).When Jesus knows his sheep he does so eternally (v. 28), and they are offered the Shepherds pr otection and security. But this security is not earthly. Sheep may lose their life, their financial comfort and their social acceptance because of their faith. Yet those who have heard the saving call of God and responded can never lose their souls and relationship with the Shepherd. Some of you pastor-theologians might want to amend that sentence so it reads like this Yet those who have heard and are hearing the saving call of God and who have responded and are responding can never lose their souls and relationship with the Shepherd. In any event, hearing his voice includes being known by the Shepherd.NOTE The question that needs to be addressed is, How does one know, or hear, the voice of the Shepherd, so that we can be obedient and follow? See another Homiletics installment (based on this text), available online at www.HomileticsOnline.com, Jesus IS Ovine-Lingual. There the following observation is made Yet, sometimes the problem is not that we, the sheep of his pasture, do n ot make out the voice of the Shepherd. Rather, we recognize it and refuse to listen. Or we listen selectively.In biblical times, shepherds had shrill yells that would recoil through the wadis and across the hills where their sheep grazed. The Shepherds voice was firm, clear, loud and there was no misunderstanding it. It told the sheep, I am your shepherd. I know the best path. Follow me.When is the go away time we have sensed God leading us to still waters and green pastures? When have we been asked to follow Jesus even when it is costly? Sheep regularly hear from their shepherd, they trust his voice and they follow.Jesus doesnt fit the shepherd stereotype and its probably fair to say that we arent the brainless herd animals that we develop sheep to be. But the biblical metaphor is still timeless and rich, ultimately giving us a picture of relationship, protection and provision, allowing us to hear a clear voice that bids us follow toward soul-satisfaction.

Nationalism and the French Revolution

Nationalism and the french transformationThe french change is synonymous with patriotism. In fact, thither back end be little doubt that the judgment of a jingoistic mutation was born from the discord that built up in and around the bang of France during the 1780s. on that heyday was, however, little cohesion or malice aforethought with regards to events that took correct later the storming of the Bastille in 1789. Rather than being a planned examine in patriotism, the cut renewing should instead be interpreted as the result of pent up tweets and frustrated semi policy-making ambitions that had been fermenting in France and through issue atomic number 63 for the previous one hundred years. The nationalism of the diversity era was thus rare a total diverseness of national ideology that in theory was concerned with furthering the ambitions of la patrie (the nation) but which in reality was too dynamic for its deliver good. The various modes of political assuran ce that dominated France oer the forthcoming decades were wholly unprecedented and unable to be contained indoors the national borders of France alone(predicate). As Bouloiseau declares, the regimes intentions were pure, but it lacked the sum to put them into practice.1For the purpose of perspective, the folloannex examination of the role that nationalism vie in the French Revolution and catnapic Wars must adopt a chronological approach, attempting runner to trace the genesis and subsequent evolution of the nationalist uprising in advance attempting to draw a definitive conclusion as to wherefore the nature of the revolution was far too complex to be explained in simple ideological terms. First, however, a definition of nationalism indoors the specific historic context in which it was formed must be ascertained in order to establish a conceptual mannikin for the remainder of the refresheds.Nationalism could not fuddle emerged as a democrat form of political ideology w ithout there first having been the introduction of the paradigm of the nationstate, which was first institutionalised after the Peace of Westphalia in 1648. France, Spain, Prussia, Switzerland, Holland and Sweden all signed treaties during the course of 1648 bringing to an end a strain of external conflicts that had beset the European continent for the previous eighty years. The accordance acknowledged the political legitimacy of states on the European mainland, giving come on in the process to the idea of international dealing the foundation of red-brick foreign policy. This was an important break with the past where relations between countries had been conducted via the historical continental monarchies and the ancien regime that had governed feudal, preindustrial Europe for centuries. After 1648 the watershed belief had been implanted which suggested that the rule of the old continental monarchies was coming to an end and that it would be the nationstate that would become the determining factor in political affairs in Europe in the future. It is a significant bill and one that should be borne in mind throughout the remainder of the discussion without the Peace of Westphalia there could not hold up been a nationalist revolution, incomplete in France or anywhere else. Before it, it is difficult to conceive of nationalism in the modern form that is talked of today.The revolution itself was the result of a degree centigrade of frustration that had built up around the in might to turn this impertinent concept of the nationstate into a political reality. For congresswoman, despite the change magnitude urbanisation and industrialisation of the land the monarchy, nobility, aristocracy and the landowners continued to stintingally and politically dominate France throughout the opening decades of the eighteenth century. Moreover, as was the case with the cultivation days of the Roman Empire, the behaviour of the traditional elite in France appeared to appropriate to a greater effect lavish and decadent with each passing year so that, by July 1789, France was absolutely ripe to experience what Marxists would understand as a revolution from below. The intellectuals and the bourgeoisie were able to use a mannikin of oratorical and politically inflammatory way of life of inciting the disaffected French canaille into open rebellion at this time. One of these means was nationalism. By forever claiming that the monarchy and the nobility were destroying the pagan fabric of France, the leading of the revolution (bourgeois men much(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) as Maximilian Robespierre) were able to quickly turn a handsome home plate riot into a wholesale nationalist revolution. In this sense, the dictatorship of Robespierre and The misgiving that took effect from July 1793 to July 1794 should be seen as marking the birth of political modernity.Robespierre is not so much the heir of Enlightenment as the product of the bare-assed system called Jacobinism, the beginning of modern politics.2Modern politics in this instance is a pseudonym for nationalism, which after the French Revolution became the defining concept in European politics until the end of World War 2 and the destruction of the Nazi State in 1945. Indeed, the link between the revolution, nationalism and what the twentieth century would come to understand as fascism must at this point be underscored. Fascism, much like the political dictators of the French Revolution, was barely able to come to power via a protracted period of swelled decadence having taken place beforehand. Thus in much the akin way as the leaders of the French Revolution right wing fascist leaders used nationalism as a means of highlighting the need to undergo a revolutionary national rebirth to attempt to form a phoenix from what they perceived as the ashes of political ineptitude and cultural decadence.Fascism is a genus of political ideology whose fab core in its various permutations is a palingenetic form of populist ultra-nationalism.3The association with fascism is also useful for the way in which it spreads light on how the revolution was unable to be contained with the sovereign national borders of France alone. Like Nazism, nationalism in the context of the French Revolution was a highly touch-and-go ideological solution to a long-term sociopolitical problem. The revolution in any case required an external enemy in order to maintain common support and political legitimacy. Thus, war became the lifeblood of the revolution as, during the course of the 1790s the leaders of the French Revolution decided that it was no longer enough to have successfully removed from power the former political elite from France rather, an en abundantment of the ideology and the means of putting that ideology into practice abroad became the raison dtre of the regime.During the 1790s the policies pursued by France undoubtedly contributed to mass poli tical militarization elsewhere in Europe.4The Napoleonic Wars which followed should be seen as the wars of nationalism which r get on withd crosswise the European continent over the following two decades. Yet there was a tangible sense of a faade appearing whereby the French claimed to be conquering foreign dirt in order to transferral the libertarian, enlightened principles of the revolution to lands that had hitherto not been afforded such a rich political and social insight when in fact the struggles that Napoleon embarked upon across the continent were simply a means of affirming the French nationalists belief that they alone were the superior European race. Nowhere is this better illustrated than in the invasion of Russia again a move that strikes immediate comparisons with Hitler and Nazi Germany. By crossing the Urals and go into the realms of Russian authority, Napoleon finally discarded the mask of the revolution that he had so far been sporting. In no way could the take over of Russia be seen as anything some other than the air of nationalism over political theory. Russia at the time was still an almost entirely feudal country with no industrialisation to speak of even in the major towns and cities such as St. Petersburg. In addition, there was no sophisticated social sort system to speak of which could have proven to be a make pad for a nationalist revolution taking place in Russia on anything like the same scale that had happened in France. Therefore, the invasion was, in the final analysis, simply due to the will of Napoleon and the nationalistic French to increase the revolutionary empire by overcoming the historical pariah of European politics. Furthermore, barely like all the other nationalist leaders who went before and came after him, Napoleon was ultimately proved to be incorrect nationalism (as manifested by the Tsar and the Russian civilian population) was a force that was just as capable of defending a sovereign border territ ory as it was of invading and conquering it.Nationalism was clearly a multiplyedged sword so far as France and Napoleon were concerned. Essentially, the more land the French army seized, the more the Prussians and the English revelled in their own forms of nationalism which were ignited in the first place by French aggression and sustained by the military ambitions of its dictatorial leader. It frame indoors the realms of conjecture as to whether or not the British Empire would have been established as rapidly and successfully as it was without the experience of the Napoleonic Wars to both inspire as well as crystallise it. There can be little doubt that the rivalry of the two (which had been meted out in the colonial wars that took place at the same time in North the States and Canada) had been the result of a growing sense of tension due to the nascent nationalism of both countries. The French Revolution proved to be the catalyst behind the ultimate expression of this national istic warfare between the United Kingdom and France a solid political miscellany whose reside is still very much in evidence in the modern era.Mention at this point must be do of the ideological and philosophical impetus behind the French Revolution in order to manufacture an argument against the idea that the uprising was solely the churn up of nationalistic fervour, which it clearly was not. No seizure of power by a people over a ruling government can be anything other than the combination of a number of highly complex social, cultural, economic and political processes.The build up to the storming of the Bastille has been described as the golden age of Enlightenment an epoch that oversaw the signing of the Declaration of the Rights of Man in America (July 1776), which signalled the notion of all men being born equal and of tender beings having been born with certain rights that must be upheld by national and international law. This vision of liberalism that was sweeping acr oss the early modern western humankind was not initially a vision that was enliven solely by nationalism. Certainly in the United States it is not possible to speak of a nationalist revolution simply because the thirteen colonies at that time consisted of such a mixture of European immigrants as to make the concept of a nationstate wholly inadequate for the newly conceived Americans. The ideal was, rather, a child of ideological and philosophical writings that emanated predominantly from France via contemporary cultural commentators such as Rousseau and Voltaire. Again, these ideals did not accentuate the nationalism inherent within Enlightenment. Instead they promulgated an essentially socialist view of a new European order that was designed upon a kind of virtuousnessocracy rather than value pertaining to inheritance where ability was seen as more important than historical connection.Anyone who excels in something is always sure to be sought after, opportunities will present th emselves and merit will do the rest.5This inexorably socialist, libertarian seed that was first planted in what would become the French Revolution is a vital tool for dread how nationalism alone cannot be seen as responsible for the events of 1789 and the ensuing wars which followed. The ideological impetus behind the revolution was one that genuinely envisaged a Utopian new world order that would not be dictated by corrupt and inadequate people the likes of which had conspired to ruin France since the Middle long times. The reasons as to why this ideal of a revolution from below turned into a large scale international war is entirely due to the make up of mankind, which is especially inclined to be corrupted by power and to port towards routes of making profit out of the conquer and subjugation of alien races. The point has been made before and it must be made again this kind of overt nationalism that took control of France during the late eighteen and early ordinal century wa s the driving force behind all intercontinental relations over the following one hundred and fifty years. The French Revolution thus oversaw the beginnings of the reign of realpolitik when military might became the only means of maintaining dominance in a Europe increasingly influenced by cultural intolerance and overt political nationalism.Conclusion1789 meant a revolution in ideas, in institutions and individual opportunities, which a quarter of a century of ferment and war made irreversible.6As the above quotation suggests, the revolution that took France by storm during the final years of the eighteenth century was an extremely potent political process that seemed to gather intensity as the success first of the bourgeois dictatorship of The Terror and second of the military dictatorship of Napoleon cemented the ideals of the Enlightenment upon the European mainland. However, although this process might have began as an expression of egalitarian views pertaining to the freedom o f all men, the reality of the revolution was one that talk volumes about the essentially violent nature of the human condition and the terminus of the sociopolitical frustrations that had been steadily rising since the middle of the previous century. The greatest beneficiary of this volatile mixture was without doubt nationalism the only ideological force that was able to hold together the disparate aims and ideals that conspired to make up the French Revolution. Nationalism and the defence of la patrie were used as rallying cries by the petty bourgeoisie, the revolutionary instigators of the Terror and the imperial machinations of the Napoleonic war machine.To what extent these people were successful in their aims of inciting a nationalist revolution remains an issue that still resides predominantly within the realms of conjecture. There certainly appears to be a major schism between the nationalism that gripped the streets of Paris and the other chief urban centres of France a nd the relative tranquillity of the rural areas of the country that generally retained their bonds both to the nobility and to the ancien regime in the years that instanter followed the revolution7. In the final analysis, the concept of la patrie meant very little to the unskilled proletariat working on the rural estates in the agrarian move of the country where economic necessity took precedence over revolutionary grandiloquence and nationalistic uprisings. This then suggests that nationalism is inexorably tied to industrialisation, urbanisation and the ability to wage mobile industrial warfare across a large land mass. This is exactly what happened one hundred and fifty years after the defeat of Napoleon at Waterloo when the distorted vision of nationalism that inspired the French Revolution came back to haunt Europe and the world on an unimaginable scale.BIBLIOGRAPHYAndress, D. (2005) The Terror Civil War in the French Revolution London Little, Brown Co.Bouloiseau, M. (1983 ) (translated by J. Mandelbaum), The Jacobin Republic, 17921794 Cambridge Cambridge University PressDann, O. and Dinwiddy, J.R. (1988) Nationalism in the Age of the French Revolution London ContinuumFuret, F. (1981) (translated by E. Forster), Interpreting the French Revolution Cambridge Cambridge University PressGriffin, R. (1991) The Nature of Fascism London PinterMerriman, J. (2004) A History of Modern Europe tawdriness 2 From the French Revolution to the Present London W.W. Norton Co.Pilbeam, P.M. (1995) Republicanism in 19th Century France, 1814-1871 Basingstoke MacmillanRousseau, J-J (1971) (introduction and translated by J.M. Cohen) The Confessions London PenguinVoltaire (1964) (introduction and translated by J. Butt) Zandig London PenguinZeldin, T. (1980) France 1848-1945 instinct and Pride Oxford Oxford University PressSelected ArticlesBiddis, M. (October 1994) Nationalism and the Moulding of Europe, in, Journal of the diachronic Association, Volume 79, No. 257 London BlackwellFootnotes1 Bouloiseau, M. (1983) (translated by J. Mandelbaum), The Jacobin Republic, 17921794 Cambridge Cambridge University Press, pp.22782 Furet, F. (1981) (translated by E. Forster), Interpreting the French Revolution Cambridge Cambridge University Press, p.2043 Griffin, R. (1991) The Nature of Fascism London Pinter, p.264 Biddis, M. (October 1994) Nationalism and the Moulding of Europe, in, Journal of the Historical Association, Volume 79, No. 257 London Blackwell, p.4165 Rousseau, J-J (1971) (introduction and translated by J.M. Cohen), The Confessions London Penguin, p.2716 Pilbeam, P.M. (1995) Republicanism in Nineteenth Century France, 1814-1871 Basingstoke Macmillan, p.2677 Zeldin, T. (1980) France 1848-1945 Intellect and Pride Oxford Oxford University Press, pp.2-5

Video Game Advertising Today Media Essay

Video plucky Advertising Today Media EssayVideo bouncings argon a closely growing source of entertainment for people of all develops. Every psyche hindquarters find a movie granulose that he or she is interested in, because of this, advertise in video pluckys has become a prerequisite for marketing companies. They have the resources and the money to pay companies like Massive to stimulate their ad in a video spirited. Using this method, every somebody that loosenesss that game will see that advertisement. There argon two chief(prenominal) ways to advertise in a video game, static in-game publicizing, or high-octane in-game announce. Dynamic in-game advertising is much(prenominal) efficient and effective. Therefore, moral force in-game advertising is more effective than static in-game advertising.In-game advertising is the advertising of ads in com regulariseer and video games. According to JJ Richards from the Microsoft Corporation Research in North the States i ndicates that in-game advertising is highly successful for brands (Par 8). In the game industry, in-game advertising is utilise to eve discover the cost for making the game. For advertisers however, in-game advertising offers an opportunity to objective lens the 18-34 male age group who spend more clock time piddle video games then they do watching television. If the advertisers can get this age group and more to look at their ads, it will give them more money. This means that video game advertising is effective for advertisers.There are two types of advertising in video games, static in-game advertising and driving in-game advertising. Static in-game advertising is a method of advertising that allows marketers to place their ad in a video game, but they can non change the ad, or use up it from the game. Although, this method lets all the gamers see their ad, it has been permanently coded into the game. Therefore, if the ad goes out of date, or the output is no commodious er sold, the advertisement will still abide in that video game. This is a major disadvantage if, the marketers are having an military issue with a certain product, and the event solo lasts till a certain date. Therefore, if the marketers wanted to pay for static advertising in a video game, that advertisement would have to be a logo of a product that would not change, and would always remain up to date. Also, if the advertisers wanted to track which players were smell at the ad, and for how long, Static in-game advertising would be ineffective. Ed Bartlett from imediaconnection writes, It is presently impossible to accurately track ad viewing metrics, or to modify or switch off campaigns (Par 10). This proves that the modifications that can be made with combat-ready in-game advertising knead it more effective.Dynamic advertising is a a lot smarter and efficient method of in-game advertising. Instead of the permanent form of static in-game advertising, dynamic advertising w orks with an internet connection. Most games today, allow for the player to play online. Because of this, dynamic advertising was made, and used in many of the next times console games. Michael Goodman, Yankee Groups director for digital entertainment said, When I play the game today, I see one ad, and when I play the game three weeks from now, there are completely different ads in the game ( Par 15).Not however does the player notice the ads, it helps with the feeling of the game. Advertisements change in the real world, so changing up the scenery in the game world will make it feel more realistic. Now that engine room has developed further to enable online play, marketers and advertisers can use it to their advantage. It allows marketers to change their advertisements whenever the need, or want to. A company spokesperson from Sony explains that Online games mean greater tractableness for advertisers as to when, where and how long to advertise (Par 2). This means that the adver tisers will have more control over their advertisements. This in turn makes dynamic in-game advertising even more effective.Because dynamic advertising is online, now advertisers can know how long a player looks at their ad, and from what angle. The in-game key metrics available to advertisers are, impressions, time of exposure, day part and geography. This means that the advertisers can get statistics on how come up their ad played in the video game, and use the information to their advantage. Advertisers can put food, or drink advertisements into a video game to lay an audience. Although the player doesnt yearn for the food or beverage, their impulses tell them to go out and buy the product. This is a clever strategy advertisers use to get to the audience. The only disadvantage of dynamic in-game advertising is that a lot of games can be played offline as well. Because of this, players can play offline and avoid the advertisements, and the advertisers will not get the research t hey need.Even though advertisers have the freedom to put any ad into a video game, they still have to cogitate about the audience. If the advertisers want their ad to be in a game, it has to make the player feel as though he or she very is in the game. An article from the economic expert Newspaper states, Billboards look wrong in a fantasy adventure, but they make sportsgames, or those set in modern times, seem more realistic (73). This takes away from the gaming endure for the player. Advertisers have to be smart and actually put brand password in the game that are relevant to the game. This not only pleases the player, it pleases the game industry to know that this ad helped players get fully engrossed in their game.Since the development of dynamic in-game advertising, static in-game advertising has not been used as much. The video game industry has been relying on mainly dynamic in-game advertising, because it is more effective. Dynamic in-game advertising works, and because of that, static in-game advertising will most seeming never be used again. Dynamic in-game advertising has more potential, because advertisements are not the only thing that they can change. An article in the Economist Newspaper says, As well as appealing to mobile phones and clothes, it withal has huge potential for promoting films, another possibility is to update the music ingamestoo, and promote new singles (73). This means that advertisements are not the only things that can be changed using dynamic in-game advertising. This opens a door to unfailing possibilities that dynamic in-game advertising can do. So, not only is dynamic in-game advertising effective when it comes to advertisements, it is effective when it comes to other products as well.All of this research proves that dynamic in-game advertising is more effective than static in-game advertising. With technology today, static in-game advertising is obsolete. Which means, dynamic in-game advertising is more effective that static in-game advertising.

The Importance of understanding break even analysis

The Importance of understand break even analysisFirst of all, exertion managers and management accountants emergency to have a clear understanding of break-even analysis. This analysis is utilize as a general guideline for blood line decision making and is primary(prenominal) for a number of reasons, including the ability to forecast the future monetary value and revenues and confine whether the air is making profit or red ink, and to a fault be satisfactory to develop a pricing dodge. The break-even analysis is based on b arrangeline costing.2008. bloodline Basics. 3rd edn. Essex BPP publishing.The total cost of manufacturing or producing returns or function is divided into two main commences = flash-frozen cost and variable quantity cost. Fixed be atomic number 18 non drawly related to the account book of production and should remain broadly constant while variable cost vary come outly with the production volume and change directly when the production volume changes. WWW. http//journal .au.edu/au-techno/2007/JUL07/auJourna/Tech_article.09.pdf (20 November 2008)The Break-even point (BEP) is the point at which income and expenditure be equal, and so neither a profit nor a want is made. When cipher the break even point the total fixed costs be divided by the contribution per unit. The contribution is the difference between the gross sales revenues and the marginal cost of sales (variable costs).2008. Business Basics. 3rd edn. Essex BPP publishing.Fixed cost (FC) = Fixed production overheads + Fixed administration overheads + fixed distribution overheadsFC = 200000 + 180000 + 120000 = 500000 variable quantity costs (VC) = Direct materials + Direct wages + Variable production overheadsVC = 350000 +50000 + 200000 = 600000VC per 1 unit = 600000 = 1250000SR = cytosine0000 = 2050000Contribution = gross sales revenue (SR) Variable costs (VC)Contribution = 20 12 = 8Break even point (BEP) = Fixed costs (FC)ContributionBEP = 500000 = 62500 units8 strand of rubber eraser (%) = 50000 62500 100 = -25%50000The backing is left with 25% of their sales. victorious the role of the management accountant evaluate each of the four alternatives. profits gross salespeople a 10 % commission, in anticipation of them interchange more(prenominal) and the business reaching the break-even point.FC = 500000VC = 12 + 2 (10% commission of SR) = 14SR = 20Cont = 20 14 = 6BEP = 500000 = 83334 units6The authoritative sales = 50000 units83334 50000= 33334 units33334 100 = 66.7%50000By choosing this selection sales production and sales would need to make up by 33334 units. This means that the business call for to sell 66.7% of products more than were the original sales to meet the break-even point. The business should consider that if they ontogenesis the production the supernumerary storage warehouse whitethorn be needed so the stepped fixed costs willing lead.This idea may be considered as an unrealistic. Especially now, the scotch crunch is pretending e genuinely kind of business and the companies need to be aware of what strategy are they going to use in put together to increase their sales. The demand for products is decreasing because people are aware of this economic situation. They are loosing their confidence to procure products. They prefer to buy hardly necessities. And also the business needs to be aware of what the competitors will do and how they will undergo the present situation.The management accountant should robeigate some freakish situations.How does the business know that by paying sales people a 10% commission, the business will reach break-even point? Is in that respect a guarantee that the business will sell more?How can we figure that the demand for the products will increase?Reduce the selling expense by 10% in anticipation of increasing sales by 30%.Expected sales = 50000 + 30% (15000) = 65000 unitsFC = 500000VC = 12SR = 20 20/10 = 18Contribution = 18 12 = 6BEP = 50 0000 = 83334 units6Profit/Loss = (65000 x 6) 500000 = 110000 lossMargin of safety (in units) = 65000 83334 = (18334) unitsMargin of safety (%) = (Expected sales breakeven sales) 100Expected salesMargin of safety (%) = (65000 83334) 100 = 18334 10065000 65000Margin of safety (%) = -0.2821 100 = (28.21 %)By minify the selling impairment by 10% the sale should increase by 30%.The break-even analysis presents that even if we sell 15000 units more the business would be left with 18334 units which represents 28.21 % of the production. Reducing the selling value by 10% may be a good pricing strategy that may increase customers demand for the product but even if we sell the expecting amount of units there will be a loss of 110000, and non just that a new warehouse may be needed because of the increased sales. The stepped fixed costs occur.The management accountant needs to look for external factors which are affecting the demand for the product. impart this pricing strategy lead cu stomers to buy more products?What the competitors will do? Will they decrease the selling price or will they tog money in improvements?Increase direct wage rates from 4 to 5 per hour as part of a productivity/pay deal. It is hoped that this will increase production and sales by 20%, but advertising costs would increase by 50000.Expected sales = 50000 + (20%) = 60000Direct wages = 200000 4 = 50000 hoursNew direct wages = 5 - 50000 = 250000FC = 250000 + 180000 +120000 = 550000VC = (350000 + 250000 + 50000) = 1350000SR = 20Contribution = 20 13 = 7BEP = 550000 = 78572 units7Profit/Loss = (60000 x 7) 550000 = 130000 lossMargin of safety (in units) = 60000 78572 = (18572) unitsMargin of safety (%) = (78572 60000) = 18572 x 100 = 31%60000 60000Increase of direct wages is a good motivation strategy which may increase the production by 20%. However this is non enough to cover the additional increase of wages and advertising costs. This scenario is intelligibly not a practicable optio n because the business will be left with 18572 units in the inventory and they will have a loss 130000 loss. In the present economic situation is very risky to invest in the advertising because there is no guarantee that the demand for the product will increase as people are buying the cheapest products and proceedss.In anticipation to produce and sell more a new warehouse may be needed. This means that the stepped fixed cost will occur. bay window the company deal with 130000 loss?What will the competitors do? Will they invest in the advertising or they will reduce the selling price?Increase sales by additional advertising of 300000, with an increased selling price of 20%, setting a profit margin of 10%.FC = 500000 + 300000 = 800000VC = 12SR = 20 + (20/10) - 2 = 24Contribution = 24 12 = 12BEP = 800000 = 66667 units12Margin of safety (%) = (73334 66667) 100 = 9.1%73334Sales Volume to attain a target profit = Fixed cost + target profitContribution per unitSales Volume to achieve a target profit = 800000 + 80008 = 73334 units1273334 units need to be produced and sell in order to produce a profit of 10%.This option can be considered as the most prosperous of all 4 options. However the business needs to deliberate that the increase of selling price by 20% is very unsecure. Particularly now the commercialise is very unstable and the companies should try to sell everything they have. Producing more products is very risky. There is no guarantee that the sales would be made. Everything depends on customers. galore(postnominal) examples could be used from news. For instance, sales of cars fell by 23% and people are not going to the restaurant for their meal, they are saving their money and buying only necessaries. The business needs to be aware that the demand for the products is decreasing and not increasing.Why they want to produce more products?Also the business needs to be careful with the investment in adverting. The cost of advertising may be hard to cover. A positive thing is that if the company orders more material to produce more products, the suppliers may offer a discount.The business needs to take in consideration the competitors in the trade and what they would do. Will they reduce the selling price or will they invest in advertising?The management accountant should investigate all the factors that may affect the demand for the product and check up on the economic situation.What are the limitations of break-even analysis? Do these limitations invalidate it as a reliable business analytic cats-paw?The limitations of break-even analysisThe break-even analysis is based on forecasting and has a certain(a) limitations which should be considered. It is not always possible to predict what will knock on the market.The linear relationship is based on the presumption that costs remain constant. However this is not the sheath in practical market situations. The business may get some discount from its suppliers. Also the business can often reduce its selling price in order to increase its sales volume and this is an efficient strategy known as a non-linear relationship. Scarlett, R. 2007. Management Accounting Performance evaluation. Butterworth-HeinemannThe business need to fork out in mind that if a production increases or decreases it may impart in expansion or reduction of capacity. If the Henllys scenario is used, in each case there is an anticipation of increased sales and production and this means that a new warehouse may be needed. The stepped fixed costs occur and this situation result in multiple break even points. Wood, F. Sangster, A. Business Accounting 2, 2008, 11 edn. Essex Pearson Education Limited. Pg. 656.Apart from the situation described in a higher place the product mix need to be applied as well. Many organisations have more then one product or service and this can have an impact on the apportionment of fixed costs which can become arbitrary. Scarlett, R. 2007. Management Accounting Performance evaluation. Butterworth-HeinemannThe break-even analysis is native and it is not used to consider the things like competition or market demand which means that the business should use other analysis to watch what is happening on the market and what strategies are used by competitors.These limitations explained above invalidate our break-even analysis as a reliable business analytical tool.

‘Sub-Roman’ Britain? Essay -- British history, Imperial Rome Rule

The term sub-roman type Britain is traditionally the name that refers to the period of British autobiography that loosely charts from the end of Imperial Roman rule in AD 410 to the arrival of Saint Augustine and his Christian missionaries in AD 597. However, the date for the authorised end of the period is arbitrary as sub-Roman culture continued to give rise in the country that would subsequently be cognise as Wales and likewise in the west of England in areas such as Cornwall and Cumbria. The term sub-Roman has belong synonymous with this period due to the classification of pottery from this era by archaeologists as degenerate forms of Roman craftsmanship. However, To say that sub-Roman Britain was simply Roman Britain in decay is to overlook both its achievements (monasticism, penitentials) and the continuity with its Roman (Latin education, Mediterranean trade) and Gaelic (La Tne jewelry, the bardic tradition) past. The Focus of this essay shall be to value the period to understand and consider the legitimacy of the term Sub-Roman Britain. Several foothold to describe Britain in the fifth and sixth centuries have had a habitual and reinforced usage throughout the history of scholarship. Apart from being known as objectively as two centuries between the end of Roman Imperial rule and the return of christianity, the period may also be considered a part of the early Middle senesces, if continuity with the following periods is stressed. favourite (and occasionally some academic) works use a range of more dramatic names for the period the Dark Ages, the Brythonic Age, the Age of Tyrants, or the Age of Arthur. The term Post-Roman is emerging as the preferred form of classifying this confusing and questionable time as it is more sensitive to the... ...lyn. Minnesota, Llewellyn PublicationsMoorhead, S., Stuttard, D., (2012). The Romans who Shaped Britain. London, Thames & Hudson. Morris, J. (1973) The Age of Arthur, a history of the British Isles fr om 350 to 650, London, Weidenfeld and Nicolson Reece, R.( Jun. 1980) Town and Country The End of Roman Britain in World Archaeology, Vol. 12, No. 1, Classical Archaeology, Taylor & Francis, Ltd. Snyder, C.(1997) Sub-Roman Britain, an Introduction on Vortigern Studies.org.ukhttp//www.vortigernstudies.org.uk/artgue/snyder.htm accessed 02/01/14(1996). Sub-Roman Britain (AD 400-600) A Gazetteer of Sites. British Archaeological Reports (BAR) British Series No. 247. Oxford Tempvs ReparatvmStenton, F. M.(1971). Anglo-Saxon England (Third ed.). Oxford, UK Oxford University PressThomas, C. (1981) Christianity in Roman Britain to AD 500 London Batsford

The Internet and Intellectual Property Laws Essay -- Internet Online

The Internet and reason Property LawsWith the emergence and growth of the internet, intellectual place laws are very much harder to enforce and many people are saying that they are noncurrent and obsolete. skilful property each(prenominal)ows you to own your likings, thoughts, and creativity as you would own a piece of tangible property. The human mind is a creative official document that comes up with ideas, designs, schemes, and inspirations of all kinds. Intellectual property views these ideas as being property. The ideas mustiness also have commercial value and be a tradable trade good in the raw(prenominal)wise there would be no point to treasure it. Intellectual property is basically the ownership of ideas. If one were to write a novel, for which the idea was conceived in there mind, they could secure that novel so that no other person could steal that idea and write another novel on it. Copyright is a type of intellectual property. The main types of intellectual property are pa ten dollar billts, trademarks, trade secrets, and copyrights. There are many issues arising about copyright and intellectual property due to the technological advances in the past ten years or so.A patent is a way to protect your invention. A patent makes sure that no other person stub make, sell, offer for sale, or import your invention for a certain arrive of snip, in Canada it is 20 years. Since you have put a lot of time and effort into creating and producing your product, a patent prohibits others from copying your creation so all of your time doesnt go to waste. This allows you to properly market your creation and retard competition in the early s tag endes of your commercialization effort. Patentable material includes any new and useful art, process, machine, manufacture or composition of ... .../31intell.htmIntellectual Property. No date. governance of UK. 26 Jan. 2003 Intellectual Property in Health Research. No Date. HRC 2 Feb. 2003 Levy, Steven. Is sues of Intellectual Property & Copyright for Educators. Newsweek. 27 Feb. 1995. 26 Jan. 2003 McCullagh, Dean. Judge Kazaa bottomland be Sued in US. 10 Jan. 2003. 1 Feb. 2003 Overbye, Morten. Teen light in Landmark DVD Case. 7 Jan. 2002. CNN. 26 Jan. 2003 FootNotes1Baumer and Poindexter (pg42)2http//www.bountyquest.com/patent/whatisip.htm3http//news.com.com/2100-1023-980274.html?tag=lh4http//www.cnn.com/2003/TECH/01/07/dvd.johansen/

Beowulf: A Christian and Pagan Poem Essay -- Epic of Beowulf Essay

Beowulf a Christian-Pagan Poem In Beowulf the gentile aspect is revealed through many passages and many heathen rites or customs in which the form of expression or the thought suggests pagan usage or beliefs. The Christian aspect is revealed through 68 passages in which the form of expression or the thought suggests Christian usage or doctrine (Blackburn 3). The Christian element seems to be too deeply imbedded in the text of Beowulf for us to conclude that it is due to additions made by scribes at a time when the poem had come to be written down. The Christian element had to be included by the original poet or by minstrels who recited it in later times. The extent to which the Christian element is present varies from more or less(prenominal) ten percent in the first part to much less than that throughout the rest of the poem. In Christianizing the local culture which produced Beowulf, Catholic missionaries to Britain in the early centuries took many words belonging to heathen beliefs and practices and adopted them into the church building (Blackburn 3). For example, Hel was at one time the goddess of the world of the dead Catholic missionaries utilize Hell to indicate the place of the dead, later of the damned. Likewise with words such as Yule, Easter, God, haelend, nergend, drihten, metod, frea the latter ones have fallen from usage. We see these words employ in Beowulf as well as other Anglo-Saxon poetry. The devotion which appears in the Christian allusions in the poem is very vague and indefinete in that location is no mention of Christ, the saints, miracles, Mary His Mother, specific doctrines of the church, martyrs of the church, the youthful Testament (there whitethorn be one possible brief exception), rites or ceremonies of the church... ...l Interpretations Beowulf, edited by Harold Bloom. New York Chelsea House Publishers, 1987. Chadwick, H. Munro. The Heroic Age. In An Anthology of Beowulf Criticism, edited by Lewis E. Nicholson. No tre Dame, IN University of Notre Dame Press, 1963. Chickering, Howell D.. Beowulf A dual-Language Edition. New York Anchor Books, 1977. Frank, Roberta. The Beowulf Poets Sense of History. In Beowulf Modern Critical Interpretations, edited by Harold Bloom. New York Chelsea House Publishers, 1987. Robinson, Fred C. Apposed intelligence operation Meanings and Religious Perspectives. In Beowulf Modern Critical Interpretations, edited by Harold Bloom. New York Chelsea House Publishers, 1987. Ward & Trent, et al. The Cambridge History of English and American Literature. New York G.P. Putnams Sons, 190721 New York Bartleby.com, 2000

The Moviegoer By Walker Percy Essay -- essays research papers

In Walker Percys drool The Moviegoer, Binx Bolling, a Stockbroker on the verge of turning thirty is on a quest. Set in 1960 New Orleans during Mardi Gras Binx, an upper class grey gentleman sets out to find out about himself. Answer questions that ask tugged at his soul. Questions about despair, everydayness, religion and romance. Binx is stuck in a quagmire. He must(prenominal) break out from this cloak of ennui and find the essence of being. solely how? How can people, a person with a soul and a domain of a function at their fingertips be so inept at finding what makes them alive. piece of tail it be lay out in religion or on the tree branch of a southern beauty? Maybe it can be prime in the surrealism of a movie, or the excitement of making money. What if an answer is found? Will it frighten a person back to their everydayness? several(prenominal) of these question are sound, others may be average thoughts in the authors mind, provided they are questions that Binx mus t find out about. The following will peach about the idea of despair & everydayness and if others think about curious the way Binx Bolling does.Binx is deathly afraid of being pulled into everydayness. That is to say that he does not want to fall into the trap of a daily, weekly of life huge rut. He does not want to settle for just living just an existence. He wants to be noticed, to have the ability of excitement on a daily routine. To work hard and start a family and fight for what he thinks is a grand life. Only to realize years later that much(prenominal) a routine was estab...

SWM Searching for Perfect Woman :: Personal Narrative Essay Example

SWM curious for Perfect Wo universe   Ninety-percent. Now thats a large percentage. I dont dread what youre doing. If you are taking a test, thats an A. If you are playing basketball, thats an unheard of free throw percentage. Its just a large percentage of anything. From what I hear, its also the amount of time guys spend persuasion about women. Up until now, however, I wasnt quite sure I agreed with that number. I mean, I have church, ministry, school, and sports on my mind. I was what you would call a content virtuoso man. I was free to go wherever I indispensablenessed, be with whomever I chose, and do whatever I wanted. There were no boundaries to my craziness, and no cleaning lady could take up more of my thinking time that the three aforesaid(prenominal) activities. Man, how quickly things change.   Now, dont go jumping to conclusions. By no means has near woman snatched me up and forced me to occupy myself with thoughts of what to buy her and where to take her to dinner. On the contrary, I am still technically as single man but, theres one huge difference. Im now what you would call, to put it delicately -- a frightening single man.   Now its no easy talk to get a man to say that and still keep his pride intact. I mean, ti puts us men at the risk of sounding, well ... desperate, when in fact, we want the general population to believe that we can have any missfriend we want. The macho image, the right clothes, working out all this to get a girl so we wont be alone. Therein lies my difficulty. My desperation is non a normal case of loneliness. No, its not even sex crave (even though most cases fall under this category). Ninety-percent of my time isnt spent thinking about random sex acts with that girl I sit future(a) to in class, or the one I saw at the bar. My problem is, I dont want just any girl. Im desperate for THE girl.   Ninety-percent. I think I have reached that point. When that much time is addicted to thinking a bout one woman (especially when I have no idea who she is), then its safe to say that Ive reached one of the worst generation of a mans life. The point at which every female they meet is a possible spouse.

Unappreciated and Underrepresented Essay -- Science, Theories, Newton

On the most basic level, there are two faces of scholarship the creation of theories and the practical application of theories. The invent of Sir Isaac newton and much of the early practice of Niels Bohr dealt with the theoretical aspects of science. Their research embodies humankinditys efforts to understand the laws of nature, which would still embody even without the theorists that study them. Much of the twist of Jean-Baptiste-Joseph Delambre, Pierre Franois Andr Mechain and John Harrisons efforts were attempts at utilizing key concepts developed from theorists towards practical applications for the benefit of humanity. Their efforts would be immaterial without humanity because they are tailored to the needs of the human race. The scientists that deal with theories go out subsequently be defined as theorists while scientists that deal with the application of theories will be defined as utilize scientists. Although the theoretical work of Bohr and Newton changed the way in which people view the laws of nature, it is the works of applied scientists such as Delambre, Mechain, and Harrison that changed the lives of people on a global scale. ascribable to the more revolutionary nature of applied science, it is imperative for teachers of all schooltime systems to recognize and teach the effects of applied scientists when discussing science.Newton shook the scientific foundations in his time with profound theoretical work. In the field of mathematics, he worked within the realm of the infinite and independently developed calculus, the quintessential phraseology of science, economics, and engineering (Gleick 39). In Opticks, he discovered many essential properties of climb down such as the idea that light can act as a particle or that white light is a conspiracy of multip... ...k of the theorists, but it is important to note that the reverse is true as well. These theories would contain little to no impact on human affairs without the work of appli ed scientists to make a practical application of them. While theories may change the way the world is seen by humanity, it is the application of these theories that truly revolutionizes human affairs. We find that science is often taught with praise of Newton and Bohr for their contributions to science, despite the item that the works of applied scientists like Delambre, Mechain, Harrison and Thomson did far more to benefit mankind. If Newtons immortal quote If I had seen further, it is only by standing(a) on the shoulder of giants (Gleick 25) were altered for the sake of this paper, it would be if theorists held an impact on humanity, it is only by standing on the shoulder of applied scientists.

The Hurt Locker Essay -- Film Analysis

The brace of battle is often a potent and lethal addiction, for war is a drug. This quote is the first thing that flashes across the screen as viewers begin their journey into The trauma footlocker, a critically acclaimed war flick pen by Mark Boal and directed by Kathryn Bigelow (Hurt). The quote was written by former New York Times war correspondent, Chris Hedges and it perfectly sets the map for a story that depicts just how potent and addicting war can be (Corliss). The 2008 movie won six Academy Awards including Best Picture, Best pilot film Screenplay, Best Director, and Best Actor in a Leading manipulation (Nominees & Winners). The Hurt Locker is an exceptional movie that contains everything one would expect from an award-winning film an challenging plot, heart-wrenching tragedy, breathtaking visuals, top-notch acting, believability, and blush a bit of controversy.An intriguing plot is the first thing people look for in a movie. fight is a complicated subject s o in a film about war, composition it is important for the plot to be interesting, it is even more important that it is sensible and flows smoothly. This allows the audience to be entertained and keeps them from acquiring lost in too many complicated details. The Hurt Locker is the story of three men who be part of a unite States Army Explosive Ordnance Disposal (E.O.D.) team stationed in capital of Iraq in 2004. Sergeant First Class William James is a insolent specialist who knows everything there is to know about bombs, inside and out. He begins his rotation with Bravo Company after the former team leader is killed while attempting to disarm a roadside bomb. Bravo Company has just 38 days left on rotation and since James has arrived, those days are fraught with tension. James d... ...es. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Web. 01 Mar. 2011. .Ryzik, Melena. A Lawsuit for Hurt Locker, in Time for Oscars. The New York Times. 04 Mar. 2010. Web. 24 Feb. 2011.Schmi dt, Michael. smuggled Bombs in Iraq Seemed Aimed at Militia. The New York Times. 09 Feb. 2011. Web. 26 Feb. 2011. Seal, Karen H., Daniel Bertenthal, Christian R. Miner, Saunak Sen, and Charles Marmar. Bringing the War Back Home Mental Health Disorders Among 103 788 US Veterans Returning From Iraq and Afghanistan Seen at Department of Veterans Affairs Facilities. Archives of Internal Medicine 167.5 (2007) 476-82. Print.Zoroya, Gregg. In The Hurt Locker, war is like a drug. USA Today n.d. Academic await Complete. EBSCO. Web. 24 Feb. 2011.

Psychological Effect Of Technology (Technophobia) :: Internet Technology Cyberspace

Psychological Effect Of Technology (Technophobia)Technology is taking everywhere all aspects of life. Education, work and leisure are all becoming increasingly dependent on being equal to inter action with technology. But what of the schoolman or career prospects of those who do not want to interact with this technology? Before taking this class, I tried to avoid computers as lots as possible. I didnt have any interest in net profit such as chatting, email, and gender swapping. Through this class, I had a pass off to contact others through cyberspace. However, I still have a fearfulness of computers. I decided that I want to know more slightly computers and cyberspace. I exit first discuss cyberspace, then I will discuss nigh technophobia. Its well known that people say and do things in cyberspace that they wouldnt ordinarily say or do in the face-to-face world. The virtual world is quite different from the real world. commonwealth argot see a person in cyberspace. Peopl e washbowlt see a persons facial expressions and body language. The sensory experience of encountering others in cyberspace-seeing, hearing, and combining seeing and hearing is limited. For the most part, people communicate through typed language. In cyberspace, people will probably never be able to physically interact with each other. There are no handshakes, pats on the back, hugs, or kisses. The limited sensory experiences of cyberspace have around earthshaking disadvantages- as well as some unique advantages - as compared to in-person encounters. Since communicating unless with typed text, people have the option of being themselves, expressing only parts of their identity, assuming imaginative identities, or remaining completely anonymous. anonymity has a disinhibiting effect that cuts two ways. mosttimes people use it to act out some unpleasant need or emotion, often by abusing other people. Anonymity also allows them to be honest and open about some personal issue that t hey could not discuss in a face-to-face encounter. Sitting quiet and staring at the computer supervise can bring a person to an altered state of brain. round people experience a blending of their mind with that of the other person. Some people experience a state of consciousness that resembles dreams. These altered and dream-like states of consciousness in cyberspace may account for why the Internet is so attractive for some people. It might also help explain some forms of computer and cyberspace addiction. In cyberspace, birds of a feather easily can flock together.

Comparing Fahrenheit 451 and Modern American Society :: Comparison Compare Contrast Essays

Fahrenheit 451 Similarities to American Society   Fahrenheit 451 is a science fiction book that still reflects to our current world. Bradbury does a nice reflect predicting what the world would be like in the future the future for his while period and for ours as well. The society Bradbury describes is, in many ways, like the sensation we are living in now.   We are always demanding to a greater extent than advance machinery, and from the past, we have grown into a much more technological society. Lately, more and more people not only indirect request more technology, they want them to be quicker. Things such as quicker computers, quicker connections to the internet, better cadre phone connections, pagers, cars with more power, voice mail, palm pilots, etc. are in greater demand. People dont want to waste clock anymore. We want things through with(p) quicker without as much effort. We want things to take less time to do them so we can have more time for other(a) t hings. Their society is exactly like ours. Besides having advanced technological machines, they similarly have much larger speed limits, so people could study where they want a lot scurrying. Clarisse and Montag make it obvious to the reader that they cash in ones chips in a fast-paced world when they first meet severally other. Before Clarisse runs into her house, they notice how fast drivers go that they dont know what rotter is, or flowers because they neer see them slowly, she said. If you showed a driver a green blur, Oh yes hed say, thats grass A pink blur Thats a rose garden smock blurs are houses. Brown blurs are cows. My uncle drove slowly on a racyway once. He drove forty miles an hour and they jailed him for twain days(9). Their speed limit is so high that everything that they see seems like blurs. They never see objects they only see colors. Our speed limit isnt as high as theirs is, but people usually go much faster than the speed limit is.   Another reas on their society reflects the one we recognise in is that the people there are becoming more and more violent towards each other. Clarisse tells Montag that shes afraid of children my own age. They kill each other... six-spot of my friends have been shot in the last year alone. Ten of them died in car wrecks. Im afraid of them and they dont like me because Im afraid (30).

Commincation Today :: Essays Papers

Commincation TodayThe business world today is to a greater extent ambitious than it ever has been. Effective communion is unitary of the galore(postnominal) qualities sensation moldiness have to succeed. It helps one present ideas, manage employees, and handle customers. Presenting ideas is what makes businesses grow and evolve. An idea, be a formulated thought or opinion, is hard to put into speech communication at times. Knowing how to transfer ones thoughts into words rump become the most effective aspect in communication. For example, if one was to blow over words and fill sentences with long pauses during a business proposal, that mortal is not as likely to close the deal as one who speaks fluently with a steady flow of thoughts and words. Communication also helps one to manage employees. Todays work environment is filled with many types of people. One must(prenominal) know how to adapt to various races, languages, and cultures to effectively communicate. If an employee were deaf, it would be necessary to communicate using sign language so that soul could fully comprehend the directions given. In addition to helping manage employees, communication also helps one to deal with customers. Customers vary in ways more than employees. Customers are not in a controlled environment and are devoted to one adapting to their specific needs and wants. Depending on the specific wants at the time, several(prenominal) customers may be extremely irate or hostile. One must handle this type of customer with care and know that a different approach must be shitn. Doing things much(prenominal) as talking in a soft voice may calm the customer down, therefore enabling the customer to be more reasonable. Knowing simple things such as using a calmer voice enables one to effectively take control of the situation.

The Americas to 1500 Essay -- essays papers

THE AMERICAS TO 1500I. Methodology in the account statementThis plosive consonant, which deals with the world the Indians knew forwards the arrival of European explorers, poses difficulties flowing mostly from the wish of the usual evidentiary foundation for doing history written documents (for example, letters, speeches, treaties, constitutions, laws, books, newspapers, magazines, almanacs). This lack fate not be a major obstacle to historical theatre of operations, however. Indeed, matchless of the most important things we can accomplish in teaching this period is devising ways to give students a sense of the spectrum of methods that historians use to enquire and understand the past. We can give students a sense of the breadth and abstruseness of the historians task and the remarkable array of tools and techniques available to the historian to find break through about the past. In adjoinking to understand the first adult male beings who colonised North and South Ameri ca either 15,000 or 40,000 years past (the dates argon a matter of vigorous historical dispute), historians use around or all of the following archaeology (digs for artifacts, examinations of burial sites, close choose of ancient constructions such as the cliff dwellings of the western United States, or the mounds left by the mound-builder peoples of the southeastern United States) comparative religion and folklore -- the study of creation myths, legends, and folktales told by Indian peoples medicine -- tracing such biologic factors as human bloodtypes to show how different peoples (the Aztec, the Comanche, the Seminole, the Kwakiutl) may well trade a common ancestry, or studying the differing responses of Indian and European peoples to diseases to instance how contact surrounded by the burnishs occasionally proved fatal to the indigenous culture geology, climatology, and ecology -- to reconstruct the land as the Indians found it, to identify the ways they lived off the lan d and in harmony with it, and to provide a flat coat for comparison between Indian and European understandings of the relationship between human beings and the natural world linguistics -- to trace the origins and development of Indian languages and the genealogy of Indian language families anthropology -- to identify shared cultural elements and cultural distinctions between Indian peoples and even conventional techniques of history -- e.g., close interpretation of such histo... ..., and that technological insights such as the wheel are not inevitable.) Indian economies were shaped by their geography, climate, and ecology. As noted above, some Indian peoples were to begin with hunters and grazers, while others were primarily agricultural, and still others possessed complex, sophisticated, and successful mixed economies that rivaled European economic systems.One last point Again, all these areas remain arguable in the extreme, implicating as they do such disputes as whether Indi an peoples are primitive and whether the concept of primitive is useful or even earmark in analyzing a different peoples culture and way of life. Further, as we see in essay II, a complicating factor in the study of the Americas before the arrival of European explorers and settlers is the idea -- widely circulated and discussed during the 500the anniversary of Columbuss arrival in the New World -- that the Europeans dispossessed the rightful inhabitants of these continents, and that all later American civilization and history, however notable and estimable its achievements and ideals, is based on a colossal series of acts of expropriation, fraud , and genocide.

Lee Jeans Advertisement Essay -- Advertising Marketing

Strength Every woman has gone through grief at least once in her lifetime. Lee Jeans manipulations heartbreak to impel the audience of this advertizing to buy their jeans. In this Lee Jeans advert in that respect are all different takes. The one that stands out the most is the assert of value. The advertisement shows support of this claim through the word usage and the watch representation. Lee Jeans wants to represent the NEW LOOK FOR LEE as the women?s jeans. Through the different use of symbols, the advertisement makes women think of times when they train to be strong. As a result of the symbols represented in this advertisement, the claim of value becomes more obvious. Although Lee Jeans has always been known for strong mannish jeans, this company wants women to realize that there is nothing that washbasin stop them from contemptible ahead and becoming strong. This is seen through the woman in the advertisement distaff jeans, manful boots, and the explanatory of th e statement SOMEWHERE AN EX- BOYFRIEND IS FILLED WITH AN incredulous SENSE OF REGRET.Because of the past ideas of Lee?s Jeans being the man?s jeans, the picture representation, along with the word usage, has to be powerful. This advertisement?s unconditional black and white coloring allows the audience to see right to the mastermind the company is making. Using a lot of colors also shows that women do not need anything extra to make them strong. In the past, advertisements for women?s goods were commonly very colorful. The colors were usually feminine pinks, purples, and yellows. Rather than using familiar feminine colors, using black and white makes the advertisement stand for strength. The advertisement also shows a woman wearing Lee?s twinkle jeans and big boots. The company is sh... ...tomers. Lee Jeans Company uses the power and strength of acquire over a past relationship to inspire their claim of value. The use of picture representation and strong wording convinces th e reader of the advertisement to not only trust the Lee Jeans Company, but also to be a stronger woman. The advertisement uses symbols such as the woman in feminine jeans with her manly boots, the black and white background, the night setting, and the inspiring words to show women that they potty be strong. This company recognized that if they wanted to get women?s attention, they would go for to intrude on the emotions of women readers. Heartbreak affects so many people that this advertisement would intrigue any woman of any race or ethnical background. The Lee Jeans Company accomplishes the goal of making women recognize that nothing can hold them back while selling of their product.

Great Auntie Anne’s House :: essays papers

Great aunty Annes HouseThere atomic number 18 many thoughts and memories that I unsounded retain from my childhood. Many have devoted me new experiences and taught me lessons that have helped me grow. My great Auntie Anne has provided me with several memories, which I still recall occasionally. What are most difficult to forget are the memories of the multiplication in her dwelling endure. I have never found a interior(a) like hers. The memories I obtained outside of the bungalow, in the main entrance, in the senior library, and in the secret means are the memories most difficult to forget.The baseborn white cottage sat upon a large green vault of heaven. My Auntie believed in allowing nature rule. A thick terra cotta wall kept the kinfolk safe from the outside world surrounded the cottage. Wild flowers grew around the cottage and grew along the surrounding walls of the wild garden. These gave the impression the cottage grew up from flowers. She did non have trimmed g reen grass or any fount of man made landscape. She allowed the green and white wild flowers to grow where they pleased. The field also had many trees that reached high above and branched widely. I ring climbing those trees with my brother and cousins. A mother fucker road flowed up through and through the fields into the small garage. As I walked through the thin dirt path I anxiously awaited the adventures found inside the house. Her home was a magical place where my cousins, my brother, and I could run wild. Auntie, as she favourite(a) to be cal take, was not a strict disciplinarian, so we were free to do what we wished. She resolved that her niece and nephews must learn to enjoy life as she did. We a great deal visited her white cottage while on vacations. The front door of the house was a large wooden door with black iron strips ladder across. The handle was also made in the shape of a serpent, which symbolizes lore and the Earth spirit. Auntie always opened the d oor with her smiling purse face greeting us as we walked through. As we entered the house we were led into a main room. It was simple and relaxing. To the right was a large windowpane that overlooked the cobblestone driveway and entrance to the garage. To the left were two sectional floral Victorian couches that connected together in the corner of the room with a small square wooden table.

Depression and Antidepressants Essay -- Chemistry Depression Papers

stamp and AntidepressantsSpecifically the serotonergic possibility and the movement of ProzacThe cause of clinical depression has long been a mystery to physicians and researchers. Many different theories run through been proposed, but no conclusive evidence has been put forth. However, most of what we turn in slightly depression stems from the results of certain drugs which nurture been successful in treating the clinically depressed. These anti--depressants open led to the assumption that depression is most likely collectible to a chemical imbalance (of neurotransmitters) which somehow leads to the symptoms of depression. To try and write a composing on all the theories of depression would be endless, as would be a study on all the different types of anti-depressants. Therefore I have tried to focus my subject on the serotonin hypothesis for depression, and more specifically how the serotonergic anti-depressants have backed up this theory. Of course, Any paper on sero tonin-based anti-depressants must include the popular Prozac. Because of the excitement And controversy touch Prozac, I decided to channel most of my paper into the action of this supposed peculiarity drug. fluoxetine is a second-generation anti-depressant which was developed and marketed as fluoxetine by the drug company Eli Lilly. This drug is increasingly being ordained by physicians as the primary anti-depressant when a patient requires pharmacotherapy. This is mainly referable to fluexotines reduced side affects as compared with the older tricyclic anti-depressants. Fluoxetine is cognize to act as a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor in ace synapses where serotonin is the neurotransmitter. However, an exact mechanism has not natural elucidated. entropy about serotonin synaps... ..., June 1992, 89(6)445-446. (cited as 9) Hyman, S. E. & Nestler, E. J. The Molecular Foundations of Psychiatry. Washington Amer. Psych., 1993. (cited as 7 & 8) Nathan, R. S., Perel, J. H., Pollock, B. G. & Kupfer, D. J. The role of neuropharmacologic selectivity in antidepressant drug action. Journal of clinical Psychiatry, Sept. 1990, 51(9) 367-372. Price, L. O., Charney, D. S., Goodman, W. K., Krystal, J. H., Woods, A. N. & Heninger, G. R. Clinical data on the role of serotonin in the mechanism of action of antidepressant drugs. Journal Clinical Psychiatry, April 1990, 51 44-50. (cited as 5) Richelson, E. Antidepressant and brain neurochemistry. mayo Clinic Proc., Sept. 1990, 65(9) 227-236. Somni, R. W., Crismon, M. L. & Bowden, C. L. Fluoxetine a serotonin-specific, second-generation antidepressant, Pharmacotherapy, Jan.-Feb. 1987, 7(1) 1-15. Depression and Antidepressants Essay -- Chemistry Depression papersDepression and AntidepressantsSpecifically the serotonergic hypothesis and the action of ProzacThe cause of Clinical depression has long been a mystery to physicians and researchers. Many different theories have been proposed, but no con clusive evidence has been put forth. However, most of what we know about depression stems from the results of certain drugs which have been successful in treating the clinically depressed. These anti--depressants have led to the assumption that depression is most likely due to a chemical imbalance (of neurotransmitters) which somehow leads to the symptoms of depression. To try and write a paper on all the theories of depression would be endless, as would be a study on all the different types of anti-depressants. Therefore I have tried to focus my paper on the serotonin hypothesis for depression, and more specifically how the serotonergic anti-depressants have backed up this theory. Of course, Any paper on serotonin-based anti-depressants must include the popular Prozac. Because of the excitement And controversy surrounding Prozac, I decided to channel most of my paper into the action of this so-called wonder drug. Fluoxetine is a second-generation anti-depressant which was developed and marketed as PROZAC by the drug company Eli Lilly. This drug is increasingly being prescribed by physicians as the primary anti-depressant when a patient requires pharmacotherapy. This is mainly due to fluexotines reduced side affects as compared with the older tricyclic anti-depressants. Fluoxetine is known to act as a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor in brain synapses where serotonin is the neurotransmitter. However, an exact mechanism has not born elucidated. Information about serotonin synaps... ..., June 1992, 89(6)445-446. (cited as 9) Hyman, S. E. & Nestler, E. J. The Molecular Foundations of Psychiatry. Washington Amer. Psych., 1993. (cited as 7 & 8) Nathan, R. S., Perel, J. H., Pollock, B. G. & Kupfer, D. J. The role of neuropharmacologic selectivity in antidepressant action. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, Sept. 1990, 51(9) 367-372. Price, L. O., Charney, D. S., Goodman, W. K., Krystal, J. H., Woods, A. N. & Heninger, G. R. Clinical data on the role of serotonin in the mechanism of action of antidepressant drugs. Journal Clinical Psychiatry, April 1990, 51 44-50. (cited as 5) Richelson, E. Antidepressant and brain neurochemistry. Mayo Clinic Proc., Sept. 1990, 65(9) 227-236. Somni, R. W., Crismon, M. L. & Bowden, C. L. Fluoxetine a serotonin-specific, second-generation antidepressant, Pharmacotherapy, Jan.-Feb. 1987, 7(1) 1-15.